【摘要】 为快速筛选软核山楂优良资源，选育新品种，建立了25株软核山楂株系的果实品质综合评价体系，测定了单果质量、果形指数、果实硬度、可食率、可溶性固形物质量分数、可溶性糖质量分数、可滴定酸质量分数、可溶性蛋白质量分数等果实主要品质指标，利用主成分分析法和聚类分析法对软核山楂果实进行了综合评价和分类。结果表明:不同株系果实各项品质指标间差异显著，变异系数范围为4.63%～88.89%。通过主成分分析提取了4个主成分，累计贡献率为77.048%，根据综合得分对供试株系进行排序。聚类分析在欧式距离为5处将25株软核山楂株系分为4类，聚类结果与主成分分析的综合性状得分排序结果基本一致。编号为1的软核山楂株系果实综合品质表现最好，编号为115的株系果实综合品质表现最差。更多还原

【Abstract】 A comprehensive fruit quality evaluation system of 25 soft-endocarp hawthorn strains was established to quickly screen the excellent resources and select new varieties. The main fruit quality indexes were measured,including single fruit quality,fruit shape index,fruit hardness,edibility,soluble solids mass fraction,soluble sugar mass fraction,titratable acid mass fraction and soluble protein mass fraction. The comprehensive evaluation and classification of soft-endocarp hawthorn fruit were carried out with principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the fruit quality indexes of different strains differed significantly from each other,and the coefficients of variation ranged from 4. 63% to 88. 89%. Four principal components were extracted by principal component analysis,with a cumulative contribution of 77. 048%,and the test strains were ranked according to the combined scores. The clustering analysis classified 25 soft-endocarp hawthorn strains into four categories at a Euclidean distance of 5. The clustering results were consistent with the ranking results of the composite trait scores from the principal component analysis. The best overall fruit quality was the soft-endocarp hawthorn strain 1,and the worst was the strain 115.更多还原