【摘要】 目的 观察基于知识行为模型(KTA)的围术期健康教育及护理在胃肠肿瘤手术患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2019年1月至2021年12月于陕西省肿瘤医院行胃肠肿瘤手术患者88例为研究对象，按照随机数表法分为研究组和对照组各44例。对照组患者于围术期接受常规健康教育及护理，研究组患者于围术期接受基于KTA模式的健康教育及护理。出院前，比较两组患者的排气时间、排便时间、静脉补液停止时间、住院天数、健康知识知晓率、并发症发生率及护理前后的生存质量测定简式量表(WHOQOL-BREF)评分。结果 研究组患者的排气时间、排便时间、静脉补液停止时间、住院天数分别为(47.96±15.69) h、(68.22±13.42) h、(74.16±28.26) h、(10.58±1.43) d，明显短于对照组的(70.25±18.92) h、(93.16±15.38) h、(132.79±50.14) h、(15.64±3.20) d，差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；研究组患者的健康知识知晓率为97.73%，明显高于对照组的81.82%，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；护理前，两组患者的环境、生理、社会、心理评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P<0.05)；接受护理后，两组患者的环境、生理、社会、心理评分明显高于护理前，且研究组患者的环境、生理、社会、心理评分分别为(14.48±1.37)分、(28.87±3.55)分、(32.53±4.11)分、(21.04±3.30)分，明显高于对照组的(11.58±2.06)分、(24.13±3.87)分、(28.40±4.22)分、(17.47±3.46)分，差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；研究组患者的并发症发生率为9.09%，明显低于对照组的27.27%，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 基于KTA模式的围术期健康教育及护理应用于胃肠肿瘤手术患者中可改善患者的术后恢复状况，提高生活质量及健康知识知晓率，同时并发症发生率较低，值得推广应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To observe the application effect of perioperative health education and nursing based on the knowledge to action model(KTA) in patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery. Methods A total of88 patients who underwent gastrointestinal tumor surgery in Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into a study group and a control group, with 44 patients in each group. The patients in the control group received routine health education and nursing during the perioperative period, while the patients in the study group received health education and nursing based on the KTA model during the perioperative period. Before discharge, the time of exhaustion, defecation, stop time of intravenous rehydration, length of hospital stay, awareness rate of health knowledge,incidence of complications, and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale brief version before and after nursing(WHOQOL-BREF) were compared between the two groups. Results The exhaust time, defecation time, stop time of intravenous rehydration, and length of hospital stay in the study group were(47.96±15.69) h,(68.22±13.42) h,(74.16±28.26) h, and(10.58±1.43) d, which were significantly shorter than(70.25±18.92) h,(93.16±15.38) h,(132.79±50.14) h,(15.64±3.20) d in the control group(P<0.05). The awareness rate of health knowledge in the study group was 97.73%,which was significantly higher than 81.82% in the control group(P<0.05). Before nursing, there was no significant difference in the scores of environment, physiology, society, and psychology between the two groups(P<0.05). After nursing, the environmental, physical, social, and psychological scores of the two groups were significantly higher than those before nursing, and the environmental, physical, social, and psychological scores in the study group were(14.48±1.37) points,(28.87±3.55) points,(32.53±4.11) points, and(21.04±3.30) points, which were significantly higher than(11.58±2.06) points,(24.13±3.87) points,(28.40±4.22) points, and(17.47±3.46) points in the control group(P<0.05). The complication rate in the study group was 9.09%, which was significantly lower than 27.27% in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The application of perioperative health education and nursing based on KTA model in patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery can improve the postoperative recovery, improve their quality of life and the awareness rate of health knowledge, with low incidence of complications, which is worthy of popularization and application.更多还原