【摘要】 目的 分析深圳市宝安区近16年新发职业病的发病特征与趋势，为职业病精准防控提供参考依据。方法 通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”导出深圳市宝安区2006年1月至2021年12月共16年的职业病资料，对病例的基本情况，人群分布、企业分布进行统计描述，并对主要病种的变化趋势进行分析。结果 深圳市宝安区近16年间共报告8大类38种共884例新发职业病病例，不同年份职业病报告情况明显不同（χ~2=678.374,P<0.01）。2015年以前发病例数波动式上升，2015年后呈波动式下降。报告病例数前三是职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病（均是职业性噪声聋）、职业性化学中毒、尘肺病和其他呼吸系统疾病，分别占总数的37.6%,25.2%和15.2%。职业病病例发病年龄中位数为39岁，发病工龄中位数为6年。制造业报告的病例最多，占总数的93.7%。私营企业和港澳台独资企业报告的病例分别占总数的40.4%和31.1%。小型企业和中型企业报告的病例数分别占总数的42.5%和28.2%。结论 深圳市宝安区的职业病谱发生了显著改变，应提高对噪声危害的重视程度，增加对私营企业、港澳台企业职业病防治的宣传，加强对中小企业职业病防治的技术支持和监督管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the characteristics of occupational diseases in Bao’an District of Shenzhen in recent 16 years,and toprovide reference for precise prevention and control of occupational diseases.Methods The occupational disease data of Bao’an District in Shenzhen City from January 2006 to December 2021 were exported through the “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System”. The basic situation of occupational disease,the population distribution,and the enterprises distribution were described,and the trend of major occupational diseases incidence was analyzed.Results A total of 884 new occupational diseases were reported in Bao’an District of Shenzhen in 16 years,including 8 categories,38 diseases. The occupational disease reported in different years wereobviously different（χ~2=678.374,P<0.01）.The incidence of occupational diseases increased before 2015 and decreased after 2015.The top three categories are occupational otorhinolaryngological and oral diseases(all cases of occupational noise-induced deafness),occupational chemical poisoning,pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases,accounting for 37.6%,25.2% and 15.2% of the total,respectively. Among the occupational disease cases,the median age of onset was 39 years old and the median length of service was 6 years. Manufacturing industry has the largest number of cases,accounting for93.7% of the total. Private enterprises and enterprises from Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan accounted for 40.4% and31.1% of the total cases,respectively. Small and medium-sized enterprises reported 42.5% and 28.2% of the total cases,respectively.Conclusion The occupational spectrum in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City has changed dramatically,we should pay more attention to noise hazards,increase the publicity of occupational disease prevention and control in private enterprises,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan enterprises,and strengthen the technical support,supervision and management of occupational disease prevention and control in small and medium-sized enterprises.更多还原