【摘要】 为更有效地保护和利用土沉香（Aquilaria sinensis）遗传多样性，以广西、海南和云南13个土沉香居群的147个家系为材料，采用简单序列重复区间（Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat,ISSR）分子标记技术和POPGEN 32软件对土沉香进行多态性分析和遗传多样性比较，采用NTSYS软件进行聚类分析，采用Mantle检验分析遗传距离与地理距离的相关性。结果表明，筛选出的34条引物共获得291个扩增位点数，其中多态性位点数230个，多态性位点百分率均值为78.97%。Nei’s基因多样性指数均值为0.226 1，香农信息指数均值为0.332 0，遗传分化系数均值为0.265 0，基因流均值为1.387 1，表明13个土沉香居群具有较高的遗传多样性和极高的遗传分化水平。海南屯昌与海南澄迈居群间的遗传距离最小、遗传一致度最大，海南乐东与广西浦北居群间的遗传距离最大、遗传一致度最小。以遗传距离0.90为阈值，可将13个土沉香居群划分为3大类；遗传距离与地理距离的解释率为3.1%，表现为不相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to effectively protect and utilize genetic diversity of Aquilaria sinensis, taking 147 families from 13 populations of A. sinensis in Guangxi, Hainan and Yunnan as materials, polymorphism analysis and genetic diversity comparison were carried out using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat(ISSR) molecular markers and POPGEN 32 software, clustering analysis was carried out by NTSYS software, and correlations among genetic distances and geographic distances were analyzed using Mantle test. Results showed that 291 loci were amplified by 34 pairs of ISSR primers, including 230 polymorphic loci. Average percentage of polymorphic loci was78.97%. Mean of Nei’s gene diversity index was 0.226 1, mean of Shannon’s information index was 0.332 0,mean of genetic differentiation coefficient was 0.265 0, and mean of gene flow was 1.387 1, which indicated that there were relative high genetic diversity and extremely high genetic differentiation in 13 populations of A. sinensis. The smallest genetic distance and the greatest genetic consistency were found between Hainan Tunchang and Hainan Chengmai populations, and the largest genetic distance and the smallest genetic consistency were found between Hainan Ledong and Guangxi Pubei populations. When genetic distance of 0.90 was used as threshold, 13 populations of A. sinensis could be divided into 3 major categories. Explanatory rate of genetic distance and geographical distance was 3.1%, showing no correlation.更多还原