【摘要】 为提高三聚氰胺甲醛（MF）树脂的韧性、贮存期、耐热性及耐老化性，将α-淀粉酶处理后的可溶性淀粉溶液，在弱碱性条件下对MF树脂进行改性，研究淀粉酶解液与三聚氰胺质量比（M_a∶M_m）、固化剂的加入对树脂热稳定性能的影响，采用FT-IR分析树脂固化过程中结构及基团的变化，采用热重分析方法（TAG）对不同条件下树脂的耐热性能进行评价。结果表明，改性树脂的结构以三嗪环为主体，并存在羟基、亚甲基、氨基和醚键等基团，固化后树脂吸收峰强度降低；TGA分析表明，固化前树脂和固化后树脂的耐热性能差异显著；随固化剂加入，树脂最大热分解峰向高温区移动，250～500℃阶段失重率分别为47.88%（0%NH₄Cl）和52.46%（1%NH₄Cl），后者峰形尖锐，质量损失较大；增加淀粉酶解液添加量，可增加树脂最终残炭率，提高树脂耐热性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to improve toughness, storage life, heat resistance and aging resistance of melamine formaldehyde（MF） resin, soluble starch solution pretreated with α-amylase was used to modify MF resin under weak alkaline condition. Effects of mass ratio of amylase hydrolysate to melamine（Ma∶Mm） and addition of curing agent on thermal stability of resin were investigated. Changes of structure and groups of resin during curing were analyzed by FT-IR. Heat resistances of resins under different conditions were evaluated by TAG. Results showed that structure of modified resin was dominated by triazine rings with hydroxyl, methylene, amino and ether groups. Strengths of absorption peaks of resin decreased after curing. TGA analysis showed that heat resistances of resins before and after curing were significantly different. With addition of curing agent, the maximum thermal decomposition peak of resin moved to high temperature zone, and weight loss rate were 47.88%（0%NH₄Cl） and 52.46%（1%NH₄Cl） at 250-500 ℃, respectively. Shape of latter peak was sharp and mass loss was larger. Final carbon residue rate and heat resistance of resin increased by raising addition amount of amylase hydrolysate.更多还原