【摘要】 石墨烯是一种新型二维碳纳米材料，因其特殊的二维结构而具有卓越的力学、电学、光学、热力学等性质，在储能、电子、环境等方面具有广阔的应用前景。然而，现有的制备方法还难以实现高品质石墨烯的低成本、大规模的制备，阻碍了石墨烯的产业化广泛应用。文章综述了近年来石墨烯的各种制备方法，介绍了不同制备方法的特点，重点介绍了热等离子体法裂解低碳烃制备石墨烯的研究进展，主要包括射频热等离子体法和直流电弧放电热等离子体法，并对该领域存在的问题和发展方向进行了总结和展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Graphene is a new type of two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial. Because of its special two-dimensional structure, it has excellent mechanical, electrical, optical, and thermodynamic properties with broad application prospects in areas including energy storage, electronics, and environmental protection.However, it is difficult to achieve low-cost and large-scale preparation of high-quality graphene by current industrial techniques, which limits the wide application of graphene in industry. This article reviews various graphene preparation methods in recent years, and the characteristics of different preparation methods are introduced with emphasis on research progresses in the preparation of graphene by pyrolyzing low carbon hydrocarbons with thermal plasma(including radio frequency thermal plasma and DC arc discharge thermal plasma methods). Finally, the existing problems in this field are summarized and the possible future directions are suggested.更多还原