【摘要】 球面光学元件由于其光学结构的影响，采用机器视觉的方法对其表面疵病进行检测时，无法将被测面都成像在一个像平面上并且在成像的过程中丢失了疵病的三维信息，造成了检测的误差。为了解决这些问题，提出了一种机器视觉与三维重构相结合的检测方法。首先，根据球面光学元件的特性设计了图像采集平台，以获得高质量的疵病图像。然后，通过图像处理算法对疵病图像进行预处理与疵病识别。最后，基于计算机视觉图像重构技术与球心投影技术，对疵病图像进行三维重构。实验表明，该方法提升了机器视觉对球面光学元件表面疵病检测的精度，可达99%，具有可行性和研究价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the influence of its optical structure,when using the method of machine vision to detect the surface defects of spherical optical components,it is impossible to image the measured surface on one image plane,and the threedimensional information of the defects is lost during the detection process. detection error. To solve these problems,a detection method combining machine vision and 3D reconstruction is proposed. First,an image acquisition platform is designed according to the characteristics of spherical optical elements to obtain high-quality defect images. Then,the defect image is preprocessed and identified by the image processing algorithm. Finally,based on the computer vision image reconstruction technology and the spherical center projection technology,the 3D reconstruction is carried out on the image of the defect. Experimental results show that this method improves the accuracy of machine vision detection of spherical optical components surface defects,up to 99%,which is feasible and valuable for research.更多还原