【摘要】 目的 探讨社会支持与中老年人常见慢性病患病风险的关系,以期为预防中老年慢性病的发生提供参考。方法 本研究于2018年9月—2019年2月进行,采用面对面访谈方式调查重庆市11 014名50岁以上中老年人社会支持及慢性病患病状况,并采用多元Logistic回归分析数据。结果 5 667人(51.5%)患有高血压,3 743人(34.0%)患有高血脂,2 683人(24.4%)患有糖尿病, 1 011人(9.2%)患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病。3 026人(27.5%)社会支持评分为0分,只有651人(5.9%)社会支持评分为4分。校正性别及年龄后发现,社会支持评分高的研究对象患高血压及慢性阻塞性肺疾病的风险较低,但其患高血脂的风险较高(P<0.05)。进一步校正其他社会人口学特征后,社会支持评分与高血压的关联消失,而社会支持评分与慢性阻塞性肺疾病关联减弱;该关联在调整社会人口学特征及生活方式因素后也不再显著(P>0.05)。社会支持评分与糖尿病、冠心病以及脑卒中关联均不显著(P>0.05)。与家人总是提供经济帮助相比,家人偶尔提供经济帮助可降低高血脂患病风险(P<0.05);家人有时提供经济帮助则可增加慢性阻塞性肺疾病、脑卒中的患病风险(P<0.05)。过去1年从未与他人一起参加活动的研究对象患高血压的风险为每月与他人参加活动至少9次的研究对象的1.30倍(P<0.05)。而每月与他人参加活动次数越少,患高血脂风险越小。处于危机时从未获得人们的帮助可增加糖尿病的患病风险(P<0.05)。结论 社会支持对中老年人群身体健康有显著影响,社会支持水平低是某些慢性病的危险因素。因此,给予中老年人足够的社会支持有助于中老年人预防慢性病及延缓病情进展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective This paper aims to investigate the relationship between social support and the risk of common chronic diseases to provide evidence for preventing the occurrence of chronic diseases in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Methods From September 2018 to February 2019, 11 014 middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old in Chongqing were investigated for social support and chronic disease by face-to-face interview. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Overall, 5 667(51.5%) had hypertension, 3 743(34.0%) had hyperlipidemia, 2 683(24.4%) had diabetes, and 1 011(9.2%) had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Among them, 3 026(27.5%) had a social support score of 0 and only 651(5.9%) had a social support score of 4. After adjusting for sex and age, participants with high social support scores had a lower risk of hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but a higher risk of hyperlipidemia(P<0.05). After further adjustment for other sociodemographic characteristics, the association between social support score and hypertension disappeared, while the association between social support score and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease weakened; this association was no longer significant after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle factors(P>0.05). Social support score was not significantly associated with diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke(P>0.05). Occasional financial assistance from family significantly decreased the risk of hyperlipidemia. and financial assistance at times significantly increased the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and stroke(P<0.05), as compared with constant financial assistance from family members. Participants who had never participated in activities with others in the past 1 year had a 1.30-fold higher risk of hypertension than those who participated in activities with others at least 9 times a month(P<0.05). However, the lower the number of activities with others per month, the lower the risk of hyperlipidemia. Participants who had never received help during crises showed an increased risk of diabetes(P <0.05). Conclusion Social support has a significant impact on the physical health of middle-aged and elderly people,and a low level of social support is a risk factor for some chronic diseases.Therefore,adequate social support for middle-aged and elderly people should be provided to prevent the prevalence of chronic diseases and delay their progression in middle-aged and elderly people.更多还原