【摘要】 以湖南省不同地形11个典型农村的农户为研究对象，对农户进行实地调研并对其各类生活污水进行采样监测，分析农户生活污水的产污特征及影响因素。结果表明，厨房、洗漱和厕所污水的污染物浓度分别在06:00—10:00、14:00—18:00和18:00—22:00时段最高；农户排水量在18:00—22:00时段最大。逐日监测结果表明，周末平原与丘陵地区厨房污水的水质较差。农户厨房、洗漱和厕所生活污水混合后的COD、SS、NH4+-N、TN和TP浓度加权中位值分别为663.6、106.0、58.2、95.1和10.3 mg/L,C/N值为7.0。农户人均日排水量为平原（77 L）>山地（53 L）≈丘陵（50L）。季节监测发现，丘陵地区生活污水的水质季节性波动较大。影响因素分析表明，地形、季节和收入水平是影响湖南省农村生活污水水质特征的主要因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 The field investigation of local farmers were carried out and different kinds of household sewage from 11 typical rural areas of Hunan Province with different terrains were sampled and monitored to analyze their pollution characteristics and influencing factors. The concentrations of pollutants in the wastewater from kitchen, washing and toilet were the highest from 06:00 to 10:00, 14:00 to 18:00 and 18:00 to 22:00, respectively. The maximum flow rate of household sewage was observed during the period from 18:00 to 22:00. The daily monitoring results showed that the quality of kitchen wastewater was poor in plain and hilly areas on weekends. The weighted median values of COD, SS, NH4+-N, TN and TP in mixed household sewage from kitchen, washing and toilet were 663.6 mg/L, 106.0 mg/L, 58.2 mg/L, 95.1mg/L and 10.3 mg/L, respectively, and the C/N ratio was 7.0. The per capita daily flow rates of rural household were 77 L in plain, 53 L in mountainous area, and 50 L in hill region. The seasonal monitoring data showed that the quality of domestic sewage in hilly areas fluctuated greatly in seasons. The analysis of the influencing factors showed that terrain, season and income level were the main factors affecting the quality of rural domestic sewage in Hunan Province.更多还原