【摘要】 微生物燃料电池（Microbial fuel cell,MFC）是通过微生物的代谢过程将有机物中的化学能直接转化为电能的装置，在毒性传感器领域具有较好的应用和开发前景。为了更好地指导MFC作为毒性传感器的应用发展，就MFC作为毒性传感器的理论基础、构型选择、用于毒性评价的影响因素、研究现状以及存在的问题等方面进行了总结。结果表明，阳极微生物种类、剪切速率（体积流量）、外电阻、溶解氧、电导率等因素直接影响MFC对废水毒性的评价效果。已有研究实现了评价某特定毒性物质的毒性或应用于评价实际水体毒性，但仍有较多科学问题（如启动时间较长限制研究发展、尚未实现定性评价、稳定性欠佳等）亟待解决。更多还原

【Abstract】 The microbial fuel cell(MFC) is a device that converts chemical energy in organic matters into electrical energy directly through the metabolic process of microorganisms, which has a good application and development prospect in the field of toxicity sensors. The theoretical basis, configuration selection, influencing factors for toxicity evaluation, research status and existing problems of MFC as a toxicity sensor were summarized to better guide the development of MFC as a toxicity sensor. The results showed that the types of anode microorganisms, shear rate(volume flow), external resistance, dissolved oxygen and electrical conductivity would directly affect MFC’s effect in evaluating the toxicity of wastewater. It has been applied to assess the toxicity of a specific toxic substance or actual water toxicity.However, scientific problems such as long start-up time to limit research development, not yet achieved qualitative evaluation, poor stability, etc., still need to be solved.更多还原