【摘要】 红细胞的力学性能能够反映人体的健康状况，被广泛应用于医学和生物研究领域。细胞粘弹性双层膜赋予其几何结构穿梭毛细血管的能力。为探究载荷与细胞变形之间的对应关系，搭建三维有限元红细胞模型，引入材料属性和数学约束量化应力-应变曲线，针对具体物理场调整和简化模型，满足准确性的同时提高计算效率。研究稳定运动状态下的细胞，排除多物理场对单一力学性能的综合影响，准确获取变形指数与载荷的关系。同时，为非稳态问题的研究提供了一定范围内的解决方法和参考价值。结果表明：静力拉伸下，载荷方向与细胞对称轴垂直，变形指数DI≤2时，细胞骨架网络的剪切硬化行为可以忽略；稳态剪切流动下，载荷方向与细胞对称轴平行，变形指数DI~*≤0.3时，细胞呈降落伞式的运动形态，与实验结果吻合。变形指数为红细胞二维模型在非稳态问题中的应用提供了有效依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mechanical characteristics of red blood cells are widely used in medical and biological research as markers of human health.Cellular viscoelastic bilayers endow geometric structures with the ability to shuttle capillaries.In order to explore the corresponding relationship between load and cell deformation, a three-dimensional finite element red blood cell model was built, material properties and mathematical constraints were introduced to quantify the stress-strain curve, and the model was adjusted and simplified for specific physical fields to meet accuracy and improve computational efficiency.Study cells in stable motion were studied, excluding the comprehensive influence of multi-physics on single mechanical properties, and the relationship between deformation index and load was accurately obtained.At the same time, it provides a certain range of solutions and reference values for the study of non-steady state problems.The results show that under static tension, the load direction is perpendicular to the cell symmetry axis, and when the deformation index DI≤2,the shear hardening behavior of the cytoskeletal network can be ignored; under steady state shear flow, the load direction is parallel to the cell symmetry axis, and the deformation index DI~*≤0.3,the parachute-like movement of cells was consistent with the experimental results.Therefore, the deformation index provides an effective basis for the application of the two-dimensional red blood cell model in unsteady problems.更多还原