【摘要】 长期观测主要大气成分的体积混合比(VMR)廓线和柱总量对掌握中国气候变化和碳收支具有重要意义。本文对我国首个TCCON高分辨率傅里叶变换光谱（FTS）地基观测站——合肥观测站开展了系统性研究，该观测站可观测30多种大气成分的柱总量和VMR廓线。本文公布了2014年以来合肥观测站观测到的部分关键大气成分的时间序列，总结了迄今为止该站点取得的主要研究成果，包括光谱反演表征和归一化、关键大气成分的总体演变特征、排放估计、卫星和化学传输模式（CTM）校验以及对大气污染来源和传输的相关研究。同时，本文还对合肥观测站的观测、科学研究和未来研究计划进行了展望。中国明确提出2030年二氧化碳排放达到峰值，2060年实现碳中和。合肥观测站将为中国政府制定绿色经济政策、实现碳中和及《巴黎协定》目标提供科学支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Long-term observations of the volume mixing ratio（VMR） profiles and total columns of key atmospheric constituents are significant for understanding climate change and the impact of the carbon budget in China. This study provides an overview of the first ground-based high-resolution Fourier-transform spectrometry（FTS） observation station in China, which is located in Hefei, east China. The FTS observation station can observe the total columns and VMR profiles of more than 30 atmospheric constituents. Time series of some key atmospheric constituents observed at the Hefei station since 2014 have been released to the public. The major scientific achievements obtained to date at this station include spectral retrieval characterization and harmonization, investigation of the overall characteristics of key atmospheric constituents, emission estimates, satellite and chemical transport model（CTM） evaluations, and a summary of pollutant sources and transport patterns. An outlook is also presented of the envisaged plan for observations, scientific studies, and data usage at the Hefei station. China has explicitly proposed reaching a peak in its CO₂ emissions by 2030 and realizing carbon neutrality by 2060. The Hefei station will provide scientific assistance to the Chinese Government for developing green economy policies and achieving carbon neutrality and the goals of the Paris Agreement.更多还原