【摘要】 叙述了马氏体不锈钢油井管材料的设计及发展历程,CO₂的腐蚀机理和影响马氏体不锈钢耐蚀性的因素。分析了材料成分设计,发现提高有效Cr含量和减少δ铁素体是提升管材性能的关键;讨论了CO₂的腐蚀机理,特别是存在微量H₂S对CO₂腐蚀的影响;探讨了材料因素和环境因素对马氏体不锈钢耐蚀性能的影响,认为温度对耐蚀性的影响最大,H₂S含量会限制材料的应用,pH值和Cl^-含量会影响阴极反应过程。展望了马氏体不锈钢油井管的研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Elaborated here in the essay are the design and development history of the martensitic stainless steel OCTG（Oil Country Tubular Goods）,the CO₂ corrosion mechanism,and the factors as affecting the corrosion resistance of the martensitic steel.It is found that increasing the effective Cr content and reducing the delta ferrite are the keys to improving the performance through research on the chemical composition design.Also discussed is the CO₂ corrosion theory,particularly the influence on CO₂ corrosion due to trace H₂S.Furthermore discussed are the effects on the corrosion resistance of the martensitic stainless steel by the material and environment factors.The temperature has the most significant influence on the corrosion resistance,the H₂S content can restrict the application of the materials,and both pH and the Cl^- content can affect the process of the cathodic reaction.Finally the research direction of the martensitic stainless OCTG is prospected.更多还原