【摘要】 优质粳米的市场需求逐年增大，其中，长粒型粳米由于外观品质优异愈加受到市场青睐。中国的传统粳稻多为短圆粒型，通过引入长粒等位基因，改良短圆粒型粳稻的外观品质，并综合考虑稻瘟病抗性，创制长粒高抗稻瘟病粳稻核心种质意义重大。本研究以著名优质粳稻‘嘉禾212’为长粒gs3基因供体亲本，通过杂交、复交、标记辅助选择及花药培养有机结合的方式，开展了gs3及稻瘟病抗性基因Pita及Pib的聚合工作。研究结果表明，通过上述多种育种手段的有机结合，gs3,Pita及Pib基因被快速聚合，3份具有长粒抗稻瘟病特性的聚合系被成功创制；其中，改良系-2谷粒长宽比相比于圆粒粳稻亲本显著增大，垩白度显著降低，产量和稻瘟病抗性也保持较高水平，可作为长粒优质粳稻培育的核心种质。上述结果为以多基因聚合为目地的分子设计育种提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Japonica rice is increasing demand for high-quality market year by year, among which, long-grain shape japonica rice is increasingly favored by the market due to its excellent appearance quality. The traditional japonica rice in China is mostly of short round grain type. By introducing long grain alleles to improve the appearance quality of short round grain type rice and considering rice blast resistance comprehensively, it is of great significance to develop long grain high blast resistance japonica rice core germplasm. In this study, the famous high-quality japonica rice variety ’Jiahe212’ was used as the donor parent of long-grain allele gs3, farther, the multiple gene polymerization of gs3, Pita and Pib was carried out by combining hybridization, multiple cross, marker-assisted selection and anther culture technology. The results showed that gs3, Pita and Pib alleles were rapidly polymerized and three long-grain resistance gene pyramiding lines were successfully created, among them, the improved line-2 showed the larger grain length to width ratio, meanwhile, this line presents high rice blast resistance and yield level, which could be used as the core germplasm for breeding japonica rice with long grain shape and high rice blast resistance.All the above results could provide the theoretical basis for multi-gene rapid polymerization breeding.更多还原