【摘要】 一直以来，妈祖被东南沿海民众奉为最重要的航海保护神，历经宋、元、明、清历代朝廷不断赐封，其封号由宋代4个字加封至清代64字，封号亦由“夫人”“天妃”晋升为“天后”,并且列入国家祀典。清代历届册封使在海上历险归来后，多次为妈祖求祀、请求增加封号、御赐匾额等，在推动官方赐封妈祖进程中发挥了重要作用，不仅极大提升了妈祖的地位，更是通过册封活动将妈祖信仰远播琉球，对琉球社会产生了深远影响。琉球的妈祖信仰以三座天妃宫为中心长期延续，与两国的朝贡贸易紧密相连，成为古代中琉两国政治与文化交流的重要纽带。更多还原

【Abstract】 Matsu has always been regarded as the most important navigation protection goddess along China’s southeast coast, and has been conferred titles by the imperial courts in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. The number of characters of her title was increased from 4 in the Song Dynasty to 64 in the Qing Dynasty, and her title was also promoted from ’Lady’, ’Heavenly Concubine’ to ’Queen of Heaven’, and included in the national rituals. Among them, at the request of the conferring envoys, the Qing dynasty increased the characters of Matsu’s title three times because of her merit in blessing the new king of Ryukyu. After returning from their adventures at sea, those conferring envoys successively sought sacrifices for Matsu, requested for more titles, and awarded plaques, which played an important role in promoting the process of official title conferring on Matsu. This not only greatly promoted the status of Matsu, but also spread the Matsu belief to Ryukyu through the conferment process, which had a profound impact in Ryukyu society. The Matsu belief in Ryukyu centered on the three Tianfei Palaces, has long been closely linked with the tribute trade between China and Ryukyu, and became an important link for the political and cultural exchange between the two countries in ancient times.更多还原