【摘要】 目的：探究长期负重跑对老龄大鼠脂肪组织中NLRP3介导的细胞焦亡相关基因表达的影响。方法：将35只8月龄SD大鼠分为基线组（适应性喂养3 d后取材）、对照组（饲喂32周，不运动）和运动组（饲喂32周，期间进行3次/周的负重跑台训练），最终每组10只（5只死亡）。干预后测试大鼠体质量、体成分、肾周和皮下脂肪组织湿重和血脂；HE染色观察脂肪细胞形态，统计脂肪细胞横截面积；RT-PCR测试ASC、NF-κB、IL-1β、GSDMD、NLRP3和Caspase1 mRNA相对表达水平；免疫荧光染色观察ASC、IL-1β、GSDMD、NLRP3和Caspase1免疫阳性表达，统计积分光密度（IOD）值。结果：(1)干预后，对照组大鼠体质量高于基线组（P<0.05）；运动组大鼠体质量低于对照组（P<0.05），体脂率分别低于对照组和基线组（P<0.05）；对照组大鼠肌肉含量百分比低于基线组（P<0.05），运动组大鼠肌肉含量百分比高于对照组（P<0.05）。(2)干预32周后，对照组大鼠血浆甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和游离脂肪酸水平均高于基线组（P<0.05），运动组甘油三酯和游离脂肪酸水平均低于对照组（P<0.05）。(3)干预32周后，对照组大鼠肾周和皮下脂肪湿重百分比均高于基线组（P<0.05）；运动组大鼠肾周脂肪湿重百分比分别低于对照组和基线组（P<0.05），皮下脂肪湿重百分比低于对照组（P<0.05）；运动组大鼠肾周和皮下脂肪细胞横截面积均分别小于基线组和对照组（P<0.05）。(4)干预32周后，对照组大鼠肾周脂肪中ASC、NF-κB、IL-1β、NLRP3和Caspase1 mRNA相对表达水平均高于基线组（P<0.05），皮下脂肪中NF-κB和IL-1β mRNA相对表达水平均高于基线组（P<0.05）。运动组大鼠肾周脂肪中ASC、NF-κB、IL-1β和NLRP3 mRNA相对表达水平均低于对照组（P<0.05），且NF-κB和NLRP3 mRNA相对表达水平均低于基线组，Caspase1 mRNA相对表达水平显著高于基线组（P<0.05）；皮下脂肪中NF-κB和IL-1β mRNA相对表达水平均低于对照组（P<0.05），且ASC、NF-κB和Caspase1 mRNA相对表达水平均高于基线组（P<0.05）。(5)干预32周后，对照组大鼠肾周脂肪中NLRP3、Caspase1、GSDMD和IL-1β的IOD值均高于基线组（P<0.05），运动组大鼠肾周脂肪中Caspase1、GSDMD和IL-1β的IOD值均高于基线组（P<0.05）,NLRP3、Caspase1和GSDMD值均低于对照组（P<0.05）；对照组大鼠皮下脂肪中NLRP3、Caspase1和IL-1β的IOD值均高于基线组（P<0.05），运动组大鼠皮下脂肪中ASC、NLRP3、Caspase1、GSDMD和IL-1β值均低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：长期负重跑训练能够降低老龄大鼠体脂率和血脂水平，其作用机制可能与NLRP3介导脂肪细胞焦亡有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To explore the effect of long-time weight-bearing running on the expression of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis-related genes and proteins in adipose tissue of aging rats. Methods: A total of thirty-five 8-month-old SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: the baseline group(the samples were taken after 3 days of adaptive feeding); the control group(fed for 32weeks, without exercise); and the resistance training group(fed for 32 weeks, with 3 times/week of weight-bearing running training),with 10 mice per group(5 mice died). After the intervention, the body weight, body composition, perirenal and subcutaneous adipose tissue(p/sWAT) wet weight and blood lipids were measured; the morphology of adipocytes were observed by HE staining, and the cross-sectional area(CSA) of adipocyte was calculated; the relative expression level of ASC, NF-κB, IL-1β, GSDMD, NLRP3and Caspase1 mRNA were tested by RT-PCR; the immunopositive expression of ASC, IL-1β, GSDMD, NLRP3 and Caspase1 were observed by Immunofluorescence, and the integral optical density(IOD) value was calculated. Results:(1) After the intervention,the body weight of rats in the control group was higher than that in the baseline group, and the body weight of rats in the resistance training group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05); the body fat percentage of the resistance training group was lower than those in the control and baseline groups(P<0.05), respectively; the muscle content percentage of rats in the control group was lower than that in the baseline group, and the muscle content percentage of rats in the resistance training group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).(2) After 32 weeks of intervention, the plasma levels of TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and FFA of rats in the control group were higher than those in the baseline group, and the levels of TG and FFA of rats in the resistance training group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).(3) After 32 weeks of intervention, the wet weight percentages of pWAT and sWAT of rats in the control group were higher than those in the baseline group; the wet weight percentage of pWAT of rats in the resistance training group was lower than those in both the control and baseline groups, and the wet weight percentage of sWAT of rats was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05); the CSA of adipocyte of sWAT and pWAT of rats in the resistance training group was smaller than those in the control and baseline groups(P<0.05), respectively.(4) After 32 weeks of intervention, the relative expression levels of ASC, NF-κB, IL-1β, NLRP3 and Caspase1 mRNA in pWAT of rats in the control group were higher than those in the baseline group, and the relative expression levels of NF-κB and IL-1β mRNA in sWAT were higher than those in the baseline group(P<0.05). The relative expression levels of ASC, NF-κB, IL-1β and NLRP3 mRNA in pWAT of rats in the resistance training group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05), and the relative expression levels of NF-κB and NLRP3 mRNA were lower than those in the baseline group, and the relative expression level of Caspase1 mRNA was higher than that in the baseline group(P<0.05).The relative expression levels of NF-κB and IL-1β mRNA in sWAT of rats in the resistance group were lower than those in the control group, and the relative expression levels of ASC, NF-κB and Caspase1 mRNA were higher than those in the baseline group(P<0.05).(5) After 32 weeks of intervention, the IOD values of NLRP3, Caspase1, GSDMD and IL-1β in pWAT of rats in the control group were higher than those in the baseline group(P<0.05). The IOD values of Caspase1, GSDMD and IL-1β in the resistance training group were higher than those in the baseline group(P<0.05), and the IOD values of NLRP3, Caspase1 and GSDMD were all lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). The IOD values of NLRP3, Caspase1 and IL-1β in sWAT of rats in the control group were higher than those in the baseline group(P<0.05), and the IOD values of ASC, NLRP3, Caspase1, GSDMD and IL-1β in the resistance training group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: The body fat percentage and blood lipid levels in aging rats are reduced by weight-bearing running training, via inhibiting the expression of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis-related genes and protein of adipose tissue.更多还原