【摘要】 针对高校注重“单元性”实验和多步骤“单向性”有机合成实验的问题，结合最新科技成果，改进教材中已有的酮—肟—酰胺的多步骤“单向性”合成实验为以水杨醛作起始物合成关键中间体水杨醛肟，再用关键中间体水杨醛肟分别合成水杨酰胺、水杨腈和苯并异噁唑的“多向性”有机合成实验。实验设计分为合成、分析、表征3个模块。通过实验探究优化反应条件，对合成产物进行了熔点和高效液相色谱检测分析，并经红外、核磁、液相质谱联用确证了分子结构。实验设计内容新、可操作、可评价，可推广，涵盖有机化学、分析化学二级学科，贴合现代化学学科发展。根据不同高校的实验平台实际条件，可灵活重组“多向性”有机合成实验的教学内容和模块。“多向性”有机合成实验的教学理念和模式能够有效训练学生的发散思维，增强大学生的创新能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In view of the problem that existing universities that pay attention to “unit” experiments and multistep “one-directional” organic synthesis experiments, combined with the latest scientific and technological achievements, the multistep “one-directional” synthesis experiment of ketone, oxime, amide in the textbook was improved to synthesize the key intermediate salicylaldehyde oxime using salicylaldehyde as the starting material, and then using this key intermediate salicylaldehyde oxime to synthesize salicylamide, salicylonitrile and benzoisoxazole, respectively. The “multidirectional” synthesis experiment is divided into three modes: synthesis, analysis and characterization. The reaction conditions were optimized through experimental exploration, and the melting point and HPLC analysis of the synthesized products were carried out. The molecular structures of the synthesized products were confirmed by IR, NMR and LC-MS. The content of the experimental design is new, operable, evaluable and generalizable, covering the secondary disciplines of organic chemistry and analytical chemistry, and fitting the development of modern chemistry. According to the actual conditions of experimental platforms in different colleges and universities, the experiment teaching content and mode units can be flexibly reassembled to achieve the training goal of “multidirectional” divergent thinking. The teaching concept and model of “multidirectional” organic synthesis experiment can effectively train college students’ divergent thinking and enhance their innovative ability.更多还原