【摘要】 为了探明混合凋落叶分解过程中土壤动物的群落结构特征，以马尾松、檫木、香樟以及香椿凋落叶为试验对象，分析35种不同处理凋落叶分解过程中土壤动物的群落变化特征。研究发现:2 a分解时期(8次采样)共采集到土壤动物29 614头，隶属于6门16纲39目92科。优势类群有为跳虫科、耳叶蝉科和跗线螨科。所有处理凋落叶中土壤动物以杂食性为主，其次是腐食性和植食性，捕食性占比最低。大部分混合凋落叶(51.61%～70.97%)的土壤动物密度表现出协同效应;而土壤动物多样性指数仅在第1年的11月(秋季)和8月(夏季)表现出较强的协同效应(70.97%和64.52%)。31个混合处理中，在马尾松+香椿、马尾松+檫木+香樟、马尾松+檫木+香椿和马尾松+香樟+香椿组合中阔叶占40%时，土壤动物密度在每年的5和11月均为协同效应，马尾松+檫木+香椿(PST631处理)的土壤动物多样性指数在6个分解时期类均表现出协同效应。可见，将马尾松和檫木以及香椿凋落叶按照针叶和阔叶6∶4混合后，不仅能提高土壤动物的数量，同时也能提高土壤动物的多样性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the community structure characteristics of soil fauna during the decomposition of mixed litter, the litter of Pinus massoniana, Sassafras tzumu, Cinnamomum camphora, and Toona sinensis. were examined. A field litter decomposition experiment was conducted to analyze the community structure characteristics of soil fauna during the decomposition process of 35 different treatments of litter formed by these four tree species. In total, 29 614 soil fauna were collected during the two-year decomposition period(8 samplings); the collected specimens represent 6 phyla, 16 classes, 39 orders, and 92 families. Based on the proportion of individuals and composition of the taxa, Poduridae, Tarsonemidae, and Ledridae were the dominant taxa, regardless of treatments during the decomposition. With respect to functional groups, the omnivorous taxa represented the largest group(in terms of number of individuals) in all litter treatments, followed by saprozoic and phytophagic fauna. The predatory group had the smallest number of individuals in the two year decomposition process. In most of the treatments(51.61%～70.97%), a synergistic effect was found with respect to soil fauna density; the Shannon diversity index showed strong synergistic effect only in November(autumn) and August(summer) of the first year(70.97% and 64.52%). Among the 31 mixed treatments, the soil fauna density in May and November of each year showed synergistic effects when the mass proportion of broad leaves was 40% in the following combinations: Pinus massoniana+Toona sinensis, Pinus massoniana+Sassafras tzumu+Cinnamomum camphora, Pinus massoniana+Sassafras tzumu+Toona sinensis, Pinus massoniana+Cinnamomum camphora+Toona sinensis, and the soil fauna diversity index of Pinus massoniana+Sassafras tzumu+Toona sinensis 6∶3∶1 showed a synergistic effect in the six decomposition periods. The litter of Pinus massoniana, Sassafras tzumu, and Toona sinensis is mixed according to the coniferous broad-leaf ratio of 6∶4, which increases the number as well as diversity of soil fauna.更多还原