【摘要】 目的 了解重庆市病毒性腹泻病原体的病原构成，为预防和控制病毒性腹泻提供参考依据。方法 采用实时荧光RT-PCR方法对收集到的2018—2019年腹泻门诊病例标本进行轮状病毒、诺如病毒、札如病毒、星状病毒及肠道腺病毒核酸检测，并对核酸阳性标本进行测序。结果 398例腹泻病例中核酸阳性184例，阳性率为46.23%,其中又以诺如病毒感染为主，占29.40%;A组轮状病毒G/P基因型主要以G9P8为主，占90.32%,诺如病毒基因型以GII.2[P16]为主，占33.91%,札如病毒基因型以GI.2为主，占55.56%,星状病毒基因型均为HAstV-4,占100.00%,肠道腺病毒基因型均为F41,占100.00%;腹泻病例主要分布在第四季度，阳性检出率为70.42%,其中又以诺如病毒检出率最高，占53.99%。结论 重庆市病毒性腹泻冬季高发；病毒性腹泻病原体主要以诺如病毒为主，诺如病毒的基因呈现出多样性，需在冬季防范诺如病毒引起的暴发及流行；今后应加强病毒性腹泻监测工作，完善病毒性腹泻基因数据库，为疫情防控提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the pathogen composition of viral diarrhea in Chongqing, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of viral diarrhea. Methods Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR was used to detect the nucleic acids of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, and enteric adenovirus collected from diarrhea outpatient cases from 2018 to 2019,and the positive nucleic acid samples were sequenced. Results Among the 398 cases of diarrhea, 184 cases were detected positive, with the positive detection rate of 46.23%.Norovirus infection was the main infection, accounting for 29.40%.The G/P genotype of group A rotavirus was mainly G9P8,accounting for 90.32%.The genotype of norovirus was mainly GII.2[P16],accounting for 33.91%.The genotype of sapovirus was mainly GI.2,accounting for 55.56%.The genotype of astrovirus was HAstV-4,accounting for 100.00%.The genotype of enteric adenovirus was F41,accounting for 100.00%.The diarrhea cases were mainly distributed in the fourth quarter, with the positive detection rate of 70.42%,among which norovirus had the highest detection rate, accounting for 53.99%. Conclusion High incidence of viral diarrhea is in winter in Chongqing.The main pathogen of viral diarrhea is norovirus, and the genotypes of norovirus show diversity.It is necessary to prevent the outbreak and epidemic caused by norovirus in winter.In the future, the surveillance of viral diarrhea should be strengthened, and the viral diarrhea gene database should be improved to provide a scientific basis for epidemic prevention and control.更多还原