【摘要】 电子设备和通信技术的普及在给人们生产生活带来便利的同时，不可避免地也会引起电磁干扰问题。电磁干扰不仅危害人体健康，还对高精密的电子设备及信息安全造成威胁。电磁屏蔽材料是电磁防护的主要途径，优良的材料结构设计和完善的导电网络结构可使电磁屏蔽材料获得高屏蔽效能。目前，基于非对称的结构设计是制备以吸收损耗为主高屏蔽效能电磁屏蔽材料的有效方法。本文对现阶段国内外具有高屏蔽效能的非对称结构电磁屏蔽材料的结构设计、分类特点、研究现状及应用效果进行了系统的综述，尤其对高吸收、低反射电磁屏蔽材料的非对称结构研究进展进行了重点论述，并对该领域未来的发展作出了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The popularization of electronic devices and communication technology has facilitated convenience in both personal and professional domains. However, it has also led to electromagnetic interference issues. Electromagnetic interference not only has adverse effects on human health but also presents a significant risk to the integrity and security of high-precision electronic equipment and information systems. The primary method of safeguarding against electromagnetic interference is through the utilization of electromagnetic shielding materials. High shielding efficiency can be attributed to proper material structure design and perfect conductive network structure. At present, asymmetrical structure design is an effective method to manufacture high-efficient electromagnetic shielding materials with absorption loss. Herein, this article systematically reviews the structural design, classification characteristics, research status, and application effects of asymmetric electromagnetic shielding materials with high shielding efficiency at home and abroad. In particular, the research progress is discussed in detail for the high absorption and low reflection electromagnetic shielding materials with asymmetric structure, and future research directions is prospected.更多还原