【摘要】 以废弃的中药废渣作为前驱体，Ni（NO₃）₂为原位造孔剂，尿素为氮源，采用水热法进行氮原子掺杂改性，再经预碳化-活化法制备氮掺杂生物质碳（Ni-N-CMW）。研究表明制备的生物质碳材料具有丰富的孔隙结构，改性掺杂的生物质碳材料Ni-N-CMW比表面积和平均孔径分别为2234.17 m²·g^-1和1.86 nm。对生物质碳材料进行电化学性能测试，结果表明氮掺杂改性生物质碳材料比电容为405 F·g^-1,明显高于未掺杂的生物质碳(256 F·g^-1),且在电流密度增加至8 A·g^-1时，Ni-N-CMW比电容依然能达到332 F·g^-1,电容保持率高达82.1%。除此之外，在5000次循环充放电结束后仍能保持91.2%的比容量，具有良好的循环稳定性。本研究不仅提供了一种回收利用中药废渣的方法，而且为进一步发展中药废渣在电容器电极材料领域的应用提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using waste Chinese medicine residue as the precursor, the nitrogen-doped biomass carbon（Ni-N-CMW） was prepared by pre-carbonization-activation method. The precursor was modified with nitrogen atoms by hydrothermal method using Ni（NO₃）₂ as the in situ pore-forming agent and urea as the nitrogen source. The results show that the prepared biomass carbon materials have rich pore structure, and the specific surface area and average pore size of the prepared Ni-N-CMW are 2234.17 m²·g^-1 and 1.86 nm, respectively. The electrochemical performance test of biomass carbon material was measured, and the results show that the specific capacitance of Ni-N-CMW is 405 F·g^-1, which is significantly higher than that of undoped biomass carbon(256 F·g^-1). When the current density increases to 8 A·g^-1, the specific capacitance of Ni-N-CMW can still reach 332 F·g^-1with a capacitance retention rate of 82.1%. In addition, the specific capacitance of 91.2% can be maintained at the end of 5000 cycles of charging and discharging, which demonstrates good cyclical stability. In summary, this study not only provides a method to recycle Chinese medicine waste, but also provides a theoretical basis for further development of Chinese medicine waste in the field of capacitor biomass carbon materials.更多还原