【摘要】 为调查湖南省部分地区奶牛场生鲜乳源金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)的检出情况，同时调查金黄色葡萄球菌溶血素基因型与溶血表型的分布情况及二者的关系。采用肉汤稀释法对分离自湖南省部分地区奶牛场生鲜乳的54株金黄色葡萄球菌进行18种常见抗菌药物耐药性检测，采用绵羊血琼脂平板检测细菌溶血性，并采用PCR方法扩增分离菌株mecA基因及5个溶血素基因。结果显示，54株金黄色葡萄球菌均表现不同程度的耐药，耐药谱型达21种；21株金黄色葡萄球菌表现为多重耐药，最高耐药重数为9重；对青霉素耐药最严重，耐药率达85.19%,对头孢西丁、苯唑西林、克林霉素、庆大霉素及大环内酯类药物(红霉素、替米考星)耐药率在20%～30%之间，对多西环素与万古霉素敏感；从24株分离菌中检出mecA基因，鉴定为MRSA。54株分离株在羊血琼脂平板上主要以β和γ溶血为主，α、β及γ溶血率分别为12.9%、44.4%和42.6%;各溶血素基因检出率分别为98.1%(hla)、94.4%(hlb)、96.3%(hld)、40.7%(hlg1)和98.1%(hlg2),所有菌株均能检测到3种及以上的溶血素基因。结果表明，湖南省部分地区生鲜乳源金黄色葡萄球菌耐药情况较为严重，存在部分比例的MRSA,且金黄色葡萄球菌溶血素基因型与溶血表型之间无明显对应关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and the detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in raw milk from dairy farms in some areas of Hunan province, the distribution of hemolysin genotypes and hemolysis phenotypes of Staphylococcus aureus and their relationship were investigated.The antimicrobial resistance of 18 common antimicrobials was detected by broth dilution method in 54 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk of dairy farms in Hunan province.Bacterial hemolysis was detected by sheep blood AGAR plate, and mecA gene and 5 hemolysin genes were amplified by PCR method.The results indicated that 54 isolates showed different degrees of antimicrobial resistance,with 21kinds of antimicrobial resistance spectrum.21isolates showed multiple antimicrobial resistance,and the highest antimicrobial resistance number was 9.The resistance rate to penicillin was 85.19%,the resistance rate to cefoxitin,benzacillin,clindamycin,gentamicin and macrolides(erythromycin,temicorin)ranged from 20%to 30%,and the doxycycline and vancomycin were sensitive.MecA gene was identified as MRSA from 24isolates.The hemolysis rates ofα,βandγof 54isolates were 12.9%,44.4% and 42.6% respectively.The detection rates of hemolysin genes were 98.1%(hla),94.4%(hlb),96.3%(hld),40.7%(hlg1)and 98.1%(hlg2),respectively.All strains could detect more than 3hemolysin genes.The results showed that the antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus from raw milk in some areas of Hunan province was serious,and there existed a proportion of MRSA.There was no obvious correlation between the genotype of Staphylococcus aureus hemolysin and hemolytic phenotype.更多还原