【摘要】 针对渐变孔隙多孔结构电极的电双层电容器，将电极中电子电流传导和电解质溶液的扩散与迁移进行了耦合，建立了一维电化学电容物理模型，研究了电双层电容恒流充电恒压放电特性、恒功率充电下的电荷密度分布以及恒功率放电下的电流电压特性。研究结果表明，与常孔隙相比，采用渐变增加孔隙结构的电双层电容，在恒流充电及恒压放电的条件下，最大充电电压有所提高。达到最大电压时，充电时间缩短了60 s。不同周期响应时，达到恒定功率的时间缩短了15 s。在恒功率充电的条件下，电双层电流源最大提升了0.6×10~6A/m~3，电荷密度变化幅度减小了0.5×10~6C/m~3。在恒功率放电时，放电电压提高了0.3 V。该研究结果可为电双层充电和电极利用率的提高提供参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 For electric double layer capacitor with a linear porosity of porous structure electrode,the electron current conduction in the electrode and the diffusion and migration of the electrolyte solution are coupled, and a onedimensional electrochemical capacitor physical model is established. The constant-current charging and constantvoltage discharging characteristics, the charge density distribution under constant-power charging, and the currentvoltage distribution characteristics under constant-power discharging are mainly studied. The results show that the maximum charging voltage of the electric double layer capacitor with the linear-increasing porosity structure is relatively higher in the condition of constant current charging and constant voltage discharging compared with the constant porosity. The charging time is shortened by 60 s when the maximum voltage is reached. The time to reach constant power can be shortened by 15 s in different periodic responses. The electric double layer current source can be increased by a maximum of 0.6×10~6A/m~3, and the variation of the charge density can be reduced by 0.5×10~6C/m~3in the condition of constant power charging. The discharge voltage is enhanced by 0.3 V during constant power discharge. The research provides a reference value for the improvement of electric double layer charging and electrode utilization in this paper.更多还原