【摘要】 为了探讨食性与鱼类消化酶分泌及肠道组织形态学的关系，通过比较分析滇池高背鲫(Carassius auratus)、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)、鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)和昆明裂腹鱼(Shizothorax grahami)4种不同食性鱼类鱼体近似成分、血液生化指标、消化酶活性及肠道组织形态的差异。结果表明，鳜的全鱼水分显著低于其他鱼类，粗蛋白含量显著高于其他鱼类；谷草转氨酶GOT、白蛋白AIB、甘油三酯TG、总胆固醇TCH等部分血液生化指标受食性影响显著；鳜肠道蛋白酶显著高于草鱼，淀粉酶活性显著低于草鱼；鱼类肠道形态(绒毛高度、绒毛宽度和肌层厚度)与食性相关，如鳜肠道微绒毛分支较多，结构复杂。肠道结构的复杂性加大了食糜在肠道中的保留时间，促进了鱼类对营养物质的充分吸收。综上所述，食性与鱼类消化酶活性及肠道组织形态相适应，通过分析消化酶活性和肠道组织形态，有助于界定鱼类食性，改进饲料配方和饲养方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study compared and analyzed the proximate composition, blood biochemical indices, digestive enzyme activities and intestinal morphology of four fishes with different feeding habits including Carassius auratus,Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Siniperca chuatsi and Shizothorax grahami to investigate the relationship among feeding habits of fishes, digestive enzyme secretion and intestinal histomorphology.The results showed that the water content of predatory fish was significantly lower than that of other fish.In comparison, the crude protein content of mandarin fish was significantly higher than that of other fish.Some biochemical blood indexes such as glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(GOT),albumin(AIB),triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TCH) were significantly affected by the feeding habit.The intestinal protease activity of carnivorous fish was significantly higher than that of herbivorous fish.On the contrary, the amylase activity of carnivorous fish was significantly lower than that of herbivorous fish.fish′ intestinal morphology(villus height, villus width and muscularis thickness) was correlated with feeding habits.For example, the intestine of carnivorous fish had more microvilli branches and complex structures than other fish species.The complexity of the intestinal structure increases the retention time of the chyme in the intestine for full absorption of nutrients by fish.In conclusion, feeding habits are adapted to fish digestive enzyme activities and intestinal tissue morphology.By analyzing the characteristics of digestive enzyme activity and morphology of intestinal tissue, it is helpful to define the feeding habits of fish and improve the feed formula and feeding method.更多还原