【摘要】 为了揭示配方施肥对长柄水青冈（Fagus longipetiolata Seem.）幼苗生长和生理的影响，探究水青冈幼苗生长和提高幼苗质量的最佳施肥配方，以泥炭、黄心土和蛭石为基质，采用3因素4水平正交试验(L₁₆（4³）)设计，施加不同配比的氮肥、磷肥、钾肥，测量不同施肥条件下幼苗的形态指标（苗高、地径、主根长、高径比、分枝数）和叶片全氮、全磷、全钾的质量分数，探求适合水青冈幼苗育苗的最佳施肥配方。结果表明：施肥处理叶片N、P、K元素的平均质量分数与对照组相比分别提高了49.4%、158.6%、65.3%,通过正交试验极差分析，最佳施肥组合为单株施肥量氮肥、磷肥、钾肥分别为1.2、1.2、2.4和2.4、2.4、2.4 g。综合各项指标，试验得到的最优施肥配方组合为单株施肥量氮肥、磷肥、钾肥均为1.2 g。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to reveal the effect of formula fertilization on the growth and physiology of Fagus longipetiolata Seem., the optimal fertilization formula for the growth of F. longipetiolata and the physiological quality of the seedlings was explored. Peat, loess soil and vermiculite were used as matrix raw materials. By using an orthogonal experimental design with three factors and four levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, different ratios of fertilizers were applied in different containers to measure the morphological indicators(e.g., seedling height, ground diameter, main root length, diameter-to-height ratio, and number of branches) of seedlings under different fertilization conditions and the contents of N, P and K in leaves to determine the best formula for fertilization for Shuiqinggang seedlings. The average contents of N, P, and K elements in the leaves of the fertilization treatment increased by 49.4%, 158.6%, and 65.3% compared with the control. By the orthogonal test range analysis, the best fertilization combination was single plant The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium mass fractions of fertilization are 1.2, 1.2, 2.4 or 2.4, 2.4, 2.4, respectively. Comprehensive of all indicators, the optimal formula fertilization combination obtained in the experiment is the fertilization N, P, and K, and whose contents are all 1.2 g/plant.更多还原