【摘要】 针对目前食用菌干燥自动化程度低、能耗高问题，文章设计一种热风-太阳能-中短波红外多能干燥装备，旨在降低干燥能耗，提高干燥效率。建立多能干燥装备结构模型和仿真模型，对干燥室温度与气流流场进行数值模拟，在循环风机作用下，干燥室内部温度较均匀，但气流场不均匀，在循环风机口加装间隙10 cm、斜30°向上的均风板可显著改善干燥室内气流状况。以香菇为试验对象对比纯热风干燥（AD）和热风-太阳能-中短波红外多能干燥（ASID）效果，发现AD热效率为56.35%,ASID热效率为62.34%，其中太阳能占总消耗能量百分比为20.19%,ASID比AD少耗时2 h，节能28.40%，同时ASID干燥品质和干燥速率均优于AD。在多能干燥方式下，干燥室内不同位置香菇干燥速率差异较小，干燥装备结构设计合理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the problems of low automation and high energy consumption in the drying of edible fungi, a multi-energy drying equipment of hot air, solar energy, medium and short wave infrared was designed to reduce the drying energy consumption and improve the drying efficiency. The structural model and simulation model of the multi-function drying equipment were established, and the temperature and airflow field in the drying room were numerically simulated. It was found that under the action of the circulating fan, the temperature in the drying room was relatively uniform, but the airflow field was uneven. The airflow condition in the drying room could be significantly improved by installing an air equalizing plate with a gap of 10 cm and an inclination of 30° at the inlet of the circulating fan. The drying effects of pure hot air drying(AD) and hot air solar energy medium short wave infrared multienergy drying(ASID) were compared by taking lentinus edodes as the experimental object. It was found that the thermal efficiency of AD was 56.35%, and the thermal efficiency of ASID was 62.34%, in which the solar energy accounted for 20.19% of the total energy consumption, and ASID took 2 hours less than AD, saving 28.40% energy. At the same time, the drying quality and drying rate of ASID were better than AD. Under the multi-energy drying mode, the drying rate of lentinus edodes at different positions in the drying room had little difference, so the structural design of drying equipment was reasonable.更多还原