【摘要】 提高社会信任水平对于流动人口提升社会资本、融入流入地具有十分重要的意义。本文选用流入地与流出地的方言距离作为两地间文化差异的代理变量，创新性地将方言距离和城市规模纳入同一分析框架研究两者对于流动人口社会信任的影响及作用机制。基于CLDS数据和有序Probit模型研究发现，方言距离或流入地城市规模越大，社会信任水平越低；在方言距离不变时，随着城市规模的扩大，方言距离对社会信任的负向影响减弱甚至消失。机制研究发现，方言距离对流动人口社会信任的负向影响，是内置于两地之间文化差异对流动人口社会信任的影响，它既不能通过主观心理因素传导，也无法通过良好的社区（村）生活环境来消除，但可以通过提高城市包容性来消除；城市拥挤效应，特别是房价水平过高是城市规模降低流动人口社会信任水平的主要原因之一。研究结论表明进一步提高城市包容性、降低城市拥挤效应对于促进流动人口的社会融合十分必要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Social trust is an important social capital, and improving the level of social trust of migrants not only helps them integrate into the city and achieve citizenization, but also helps them accumulate social capital so as to provide endogenous impetus to China’s economic development. Existing studies have paid little attention to migrants’ social trust,and few studies have explored the influencing factors and internal mechanisms of migrants’ social trust. This article attempts to examine the influencing factors and underlying mechanisms of migrants’ social trust from the integrated perspective of cultural economics and urban economics, in order to provide a useful complement to current research.Under a unified framework, this article examines the influence of dialect distance and city size on the level of migrants’ social trust and its internal mechanism. Based on the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey(CLDS) data conducted by Sun Yat-sen University in 2014 and 2016, the average temperature difference and average rainfall difference between any two places in May from 1961 to 1990 are used as instrumental variables, and the IV ordered probit model is used to find that the larger the dialect distance or the city size, the lower the level of migrants’ social trust; after controlling for dialect distance, with the larger city size, the negative effect of dialect distance on the level of migrants’ social trust would diminish or even disappear.The mechanism analysis shows that this negative effect is embedded in the cultural differences between the two places, which can neither be transmitted by subjective psychological factors nor eliminated by a good environment of the community. However,it can be eliminated by improving the inclusiveness of the city. The congestion effect of the city, especially the high housing prices, is one of the main reasons why the city size reduces the level of social trust of migrants.The contributions of this paper are mainly in the following four aspects. First, the influence of dialect distance and city size on the level of social trust is investigated under the unified framework. On the one hand, it enriches the existing literature on the influence of cultural differences on social trust; on the other hand, it analyzes the effects of urban inclusiveness and congestion from the perspective of social trust, using cultural factors as mediators. Second, considering the measurement error of dialect distance and the endogeneity of omitted variables, this article adopts the differences in average temperature and rainfall between cities in May 1961-1990 as the instrumental variable of dialect distance, and uses IV ordered probit approach to estimate the empirical model, which corrects the estimation bias of the core explanatory variables to some extent.Third, the mechanisms of the influence of dialect distance and city size on the level of migrants’ social trust are analyzed from multiple dimensions. Specifically, mechanisms such as housing price level, urban environment, and traffic congestion at the city level and subjective psychology, community(village) living environment, social security, and labour rights at the individual level are comprehensively examined. Fourth, compared with the existing studies on the level of social trust of the whole population, this article focuses on the migrant group, which is of great practical significance for promoting the social integration of migrants, improving the level of citizenship, and driving economic development.更多还原