【摘要】 为探究菊芋（Helianthus tuberosus）对不同浓度盐胁迫初期的响应机制，揭示生物炭对不同浓度盐胁迫初期菊芋渗透调节作用和抗氧化系统的短期影响，本研究采用盆栽试验，以菊芋块根为材料，设置8种处理：无盐胁迫空白对照（CK）、1.67 g·kg^-1盐胁迫（Y₁）、3.35 g·kg^-1盐胁迫（Y₂）、5.02 g·kg^-1盐胁迫（Y₃）、无盐胁迫+5%生物炭（S₀）、1.67g·kg^-1盐胁迫+5%生物炭（S₁）、3.35 g·kg^-1盐胁迫+5%生物炭（S₂）、5.02 g·kg^-1盐胁迫+5%生物炭（S₃），分析不同浓度盐胁迫初期生物炭添加量对菊芋株高、地径、渗透调节物质含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明：1)菊芋能在0～1.67 g·kg^-1土壤含盐量范围内正常生长，当土壤含盐量超过3.35 g·kg^-1时会形成盐胁迫，显著抑制菊芋生长（P <0.05），可溶性蛋白（SP）、可溶性糖（SS）、脯氨酸（Pro）等渗透调节物质含量和MDA含量均显著增加（P <0.05），过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）等酶活性显著提高（P <0.05）。2)生物炭可有效提高菊芋对盐胁迫的抵抗能力，显著降低MDA含量，缓解盐胁迫对菊芋生长抑制作用，其中，相比5.02g·kg^-1盐胁迫，生物炭处理的SP、SS、Pro增量分别下降了161.76%、16.83%、55.48%,MDA增量下降了61.83%,POD、SOD、CAT活性也分别降低了71.85%、66.25%、340.05%。因此，添加生物炭能有效缓解由盐胁迫导致的膜脂过氧化作用，提高抗氧化能力，增强菊芋对盐胁迫的抵抗能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aimed to investigate the response mechanism of Helianthus tuberosus to different concentrations of salt stress at the early stage and reveal the short-term effects of biochar on the osmoregulatory effect and antioxidant system of Helianthus tuberosus at different concentrations at the early stage of salt stress. In this study, the following eight treatments were used: no salt stress blank control（CK）, 1.67 g·kg^-1 salt stress（Y₁）, 3.35 g·kg^-1 salt stress（Y₂）, 5.02 g·kg^-1 salt stress（Y₃）, no salt stress + 5% biochar（S₀）, 1.67 g·kg^-1 salt stress + 5% biochar（S₁）, 3.35 g·kg^-1 salt stress + 5% biochar（S₂）, and5.02 g·kg^-1 salt stress（S₃）. The effects of different concentrations of biochar additions at the early stage of salt stress on plant height, ground diameter, osmoregulatory substance content, malondialdehyde content, and antioxidant enzyme activities of Helianthus tuberosus were analyzed. The results showed that 1) Helianthus tuberosus could grow normally within the range of 0～ 1.67 g·kg^-1 soil salt content, and when the soil salt content exceeded 3.35 g·kg^-1, salt stress occurred, which significantly inhibited the growth of Helianthus tuberosus（P < 0.05）. Furthermore, the content of osmoregulatory substances such as soluble protein（SP）, soluble sugar（SS）, proline（Pro）, and malondialdehyde（MDA） increased significantly（P <0.05）, and antioxidant enzyme activities such as peroxidase（POD）, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, and catalase（CAT） were significantly increased（P < 0.05）. 2) Biochar effectively improved the resistance of chicory to salt stress, significantly reduced malondialdehyde content, and alleviated the growth inhibition of chicory by salt stress, in which, compared to 5.02g·kg^-1 salt stress, the increment of SP, SS, and Pro decreased by 161.76%, 16.83%, and 55.48%, respectively, and the increment of MDA decreased by 61.83%. In addition, the POD, SOD, and CAT activities were also reduced by 71.85%,66.25%, and 340.05%, respectively. Therefore, the addition of biochar can effectively alleviate membrane lipid peroxidation caused by salt stress, improve antioxidant capacity, and enhance the resistance of jicama to salt stress.更多还原