【摘要】 试验以苜蓿、草木樨、箭筈豌豆、苏丹草、高粱、燕麦、山黧豆、短柄草、虉草几种常见牧草种子为材料，施用种子重量0%(CK)、100%、200%、300%、400%的保水剂，探究不同比例保水剂对牧草出苗、幼苗生长特性的影响，筛选适合不同牧草种植的保水剂施用比例，并在甘肃兰州和新疆昌吉进行虉草和燕麦生产试验来研究保水剂施用方式对草产量的影响。结果表明，对于箭筈豌豆、高梁、燕麦、山黧豆等籽粒较大的种子，混拌种子重量100%的保水剂，出苗率较对照（CK）显著提高21.33%～73.18%(P<0.05)，幼苗平均株高和地上部分干物质重量达到最大，较对照（CK）分别高出14.89%～50.50%、8.11%～56.29%，干旱胁迫致死时间延长3～4 d。施用种子重量200%的保水剂，虉草出苗率较对照（CK）显著提高17.31%(P<0.05)，对紫花苜蓿、草木樨、短柄草等出苗率影响不显著（P>0.05），但幼苗平均株高和地上部分干物质重量达到最大，较对照（CK）分别高出8.43%～24.62%、8.10%～63.30%。生产试验表明，保水剂与氮肥配施对提高野生加那利虉草、‘中兰虉草’和‘白燕7号’干草产量的效果显著（P<0.05），优于两种单施处理，草产量较对照（CK）增加23.04%～45.42%(P<0.05)。综上，施用不同比例保水剂对几种牧草种子出苗，幼苗生长抗旱性具有显著影响，保水剂与氮肥配施能显著提高几种牧草的草产量。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment used common grass seeds of alfalfa,melilotus,Vicia sativa,sudangrass,sorghum,oats,Lathyrus,Brachypodium sylvaticum and Phalaris Arundinacea as materials,and applied 0%(CK),100%,200%,300% and 400% super absorbent polymer(SAP) by seed weight to explore the effects of different proportions of super absorbent polymer on the emergence and growth characteristics of grass seedlings. The application ratio of super absorbent polymer suitable for different grass planting was screened and the production experiment was carried out in Lanzhou of Gansu,Changji of Xinjiang to study the effect of SAP application mode on grass yield. The results showed that for larger seeds such as Vicia sativa,sorghum,oat and Lathyrus,mixed with 100% seed weight SAP,the emergence rate was significantly increased by 21.33%-73.18%(P<0.05),the average plant height and above-ground dry matter weight of seedlings reached the maximum,which were 14.89%-50.50% and8.11%-56.29% higher than the control,respectively,and the lethal time of drought stress was extended by 3 to 4 days. Application of SAP with 200% seed weight significantly increased the seedling emergence rate of Phalaris Arundinacea by 17.31% compared with control(P<0.05),and had no significant effect on the emergence rate of alfalfa,melilotus and Brachypodium sylvaticum(P>0.05),but the average plant height and above-ground dry matter weight of seedlings reached the maximum,which were 8.43%-24.62% and 8.10%-63.30% higher than the control,respectively. Production experiments showed that SAP combined with nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on improving hay yield of wild Canary grass,Phalaris Arundinacea‘Zhonglan’and oat‘Baiyan No. 7’(P<0.05),which was superior to the two single application treatments,and the grass yield was increased by 23.04%-45.42% compared with the control. In conclusion,the application of different proportions of SAP had significant effects on seed emergence and seedling growth resistance of several forage grasses,and the combined application of SAP and nitrogen fertilizer could significantly improve the grass yield of several forage grasses.更多还原