【摘要】 目前莱芜黑山羊存栏量急剧下降，亟需采用先进的繁殖技术手段提高母羊繁殖效率，快速扩繁并提高种群数量。试验选用2～4岁经产莱芜黑山羊进行同期发情处理，研究同期发情方案、季节以及品种对母羊发情和妊娠的影响，并在配种后15～40 d利用B超对母羊进行早期妊娠诊断。结果表明：(1)莱芜黑山羊同期发情处理时，第18天时撤栓发情率和情期受胎率均显著高于第12天撤栓（P<0.05）；(2)春、秋两季进行同期发情处理，发情率和情期受胎率均差异不显著（P>0.05）；(3)莱芜黑山羊本品种的发情率和情期受胎率均显著高于莱芜黑山羊×波尔山羊杂交培育品种（P<0.05），且掉栓率显著低于杂交品种（P<0.05）；(4)配种后第20天利用B超可探查到子宫内有明显的胎液，第25 d首次观察到胎体，其扫描切面形似“铜钱”状，第30天胎儿进一步发育增大，妊娠诊断特征明显。以上结果表明，莱芜黑山羊采用孕酮栓放置18 d，撤栓时肌注500 IU PMSG可取得较为理想的同期发情效果；配种后20～30 d可利用B超对母羊进行早期妊娠诊断。更多还原

【Abstract】 The current stock of Laiwu-black goats had dropped sharply. It is urgent to employee advanced techniques to improve the reproductive efficiency of ewes to rapidly expand the population. In the study, Laiwu-black goats aged 2-4 years old were selected for estrus synchronization to explore the effects of scheme, season and species on estrus and pregnancy, and early pregnancy diagnosis was carried out with B-ultrasound from the 15th to the 40th day after mating. The results showed as followed:(1)the rates of estrus and pregnancy were significantly higher at CIDR withdrawal on the 18th day than those on the 12th day(P<0.05)；(2)there was no significant difference in estrus rate and conception rate during estrus between spring and autumn(P>0.05)；(3) the rates of estrus and pregnancy were significantly higher in Laiwu-black goats than those of Laiwu-black goat×Boer goat hybrids(P<0.05), and the rate of thrombus dropping was significantly lower than that of the hybrids(P<0.05)；(4)on the 20th day after mating, fetal fluid was detected obviously in the uterus by B-ultrasound;on the 25th day, fetal body was observed for the first time and looks like "copper coin";on the 30th day, fetus further developed and the features of pregnancy diagnosis was obvious. In conclusion, the protocol based on CIDR for 18 days and 500 IU PMSG administration after CIDR removal can be effective in synchronizing estrus and improving fecundity in Laiwu-black goats, and early pregnancy diagnosis can be carried out using B-ultrasound from the 20th to the 30th day after mating.更多还原