【摘要】 为了推动奶牛养殖信息化的发展，更加便捷地对奶牛养殖场进行环境监测和远程控制，本文研发了1种基于物联网的奶牛养殖环境监测系统，完成了对多个环境因子的远程采集和数据存储，实现了参数预警和远程控制。系统利用STM32F103单片机和传感器终端实时采集环境信息，利用EMQ搭建1个MQTT服务器，通过WiFi实现数据汇总并用MQTT协议远距离传输至服务器，通过Node-Red进行数据的可视化，将上传到MQTT服务器的数据在网页端进行显示查看和控制，并将其存储到数据库中，通过微信小程序在移动应用端进行信息的实时查看和控制。试验结果表明：该系统可实时获取养殖环境的温湿度、光照强度、二氧化碳浓度、氨气浓度、硫化氢浓度等参数信息，数据传输平均丢包率为0.12%，系统控制反应时间在100～500 ms范围内，系统整体运行稳定、可靠，能够满足实际生产需要，为其它信息化养殖和环境监测提供支持和参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to promote the development of informatization of dairy farming and more convenient for environmental monitoring and remote control of dairy farms, a dairy farming environmental monitoring system based on the Internet of Things was developed, which completed the remote collection and data of multiple environmental factors, realize parameter warning and remote control. The system uses STM32F103 single-chip microcomputer and sensor terminal to collect environmental information in real time, uses EMQ to build an MQTT server, realizes data aggregation through WiFi to transmit it to the server remotely using MQTT protocol, and visualizes the data through Node-Red, and uploads the data to the MQTT server in the Web page performing display viewing and control, and stores it in the database, and uses the WeChat applet to view and control the information in real time on the mobile application. The test results showed that the system can obtain the temperature and humidity, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, ammonia concentration and hydrogen sulfide concentration in the breeding environment in real time. The data transmission packet loss average rate was 0.12%, and the system control response time was within the range of 100-500 ms. The operation was stable and reliable, which can meet the actual production needs, and provide support and reference for other information-based breeding and environmental monitoring.更多还原