【摘要】 中国古代水文环境规划思想涵盖国家、区域、城镇等多重空间尺度，在世界观、发展观、价值观等视角百花齐放。在国家层面，先贤以系统性的思维认知自然、治理环境、规划都城、建构岳渎体系，形成了整体经营水文环境的世界观；在区域尺度，统治阶级借助水文环境对内加强社会治理、对外实现“耕战结合”,社会各阶层相向而行、推动国家战略的实施，体现了追求水文环境与政治、经济要素相辅相成的发展观；在城镇范畴，地方官府在时空统一性中考察人水关系，在水文环境规划中充分发挥主观能动性，追求生态、人文与技术的平衡，坚持了辩证唯物主义的价值观。上述思想对我国进一步优化人居环境、探索营建未来城市、完善当今国土空间规划体系、建构新时代的生态文明观具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thoughts on traditional planning of hydrological environment emerging in ancient China covers multiple spatial scales from state, region to town, including the views of the world, the concept of the development as well as the values. In the spatial scope of the state, sages regard the hydrological environment with various elements as an entirety, who possessed such worldview recognizing the nature of nature, planning the capital as well as constructing the Yuedu system. At the scale of region, governors rely on the concept of the development that the hydrological environment is an important complementarity of political and economic practice. They strengthened the governance and enhanced the capability to switch the modes of country between peacetime and wartime, which made different classes to work together and promoted the implementation of the national strategy. In the area of towns, by investigating the relationship between human and water under the unity of time and space as well as pursuing the balance of ecology, humanities and technology, local governments that gave full play to subjective initiative in hydrological environment planning generation after generation adhered to the values of dialectical materialism. The ideas above are of great significance in exploring the living environment and cities in the future, which might help to improve the institutional system of territorial spatial planning in China and the cognition of ecological civilization view of Chinese Marxism in the new era.更多还原