【摘要】 随着石油、煤炭和天然气等化石能源的枯竭，氢能在工业生产和交通运输等方面展现了愈加关键的作用。氢能产业对储氢装置在生产、储运、加注和使用全链条过程中提出了“耐高压、高密封及燃爆安全”等性能的全面要求，高灵敏、快速响应、高选择性和高稳定性的氢气传感器是保障氢能系统安全的重要检测装备。高性能氢气传感器成功制备与应用的关键是研发新型的氢敏材料。石墨烯和MXenes是极具代表性的二维平面纳米材料，不仅具有超高的电学和力学性能，而且易于进行功能化修饰且不影响其固有性能，因此在氢气传感领域具有极大的应用潜力。本文综述了石墨烯和MXenes的基本结构、类型和合成方法，总结了其在氢气传感器中的应用研究进展，指出了存在的问题并提出了解决方案，还对氢气传感器未来的研究方向进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the depletion of fossil energy sources such as oil, coal and natural gas, hydrogen energy has shown an increasingly critical role in industrial production and transportation. The hydrogen energy industry has put forward comprehensive requirements of resistance to high pressure, excellent sealing, and prevention of combustion and explosion in the whole chain process of production, storage, transportation, filling and usage. A hydrogen sensor with high sensitivity, quick response, good selectivity, and strong stability is an important detection apparatus for ensuring the safety of the hydrogen energy system. The development of novel hydrogen-sensitive materials is crucial to fabricate advanced hydrogen sensors. Graphene and MXenes are the most representative two-dimensional planar nanomaterials, which not only have superb electrical and mechanical properties, but also can be modified functionally without affecting their intrinsic properties, thus showing great potential for applications in hydrogen sensing. In this paper, the basic structures, types, and synthesis methods of graphene and MXenes are reviewed. The application research progress of graphene and MXenes in hydrogen sensors is summarized. The existing problems and the corresponding solutions are discussed. The future research directions of hydrogen sensors are introduced.更多还原