【摘要】 土壤颗粒介电系数小，在微波修复过程中难以将微波能高效地转化为热能，使得有机污染土壤很难达到较为理想的修复温度，导致污染物去除效率较低。通过加入吸波剂可改善污染土壤整体吸波性能，在吸波剂“热点”效应作用下，污染土壤的升温速率和修复终温均得到显著改善，明显提高了污染土壤中有机污染物的去除效率。此外，某些具有氧化或催化作用的吸波剂也可降解污染土壤中的有机污染物，有利于有机污染物的去除。本文以适用于微波修复有机污染土壤的吸波剂为研究对象，总结了吸波剂的作用、种类和选择依据，阐述了现有微波修复的工业应用和存在的问题，提出了吸波剂的未来研究方向，以期为微波修复土壤技术的推广和应用提供有益的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the process of microwave remediation of organic contaminated soil, microwave energy could not be converted into heat energy due to the low dielectric co-efficient of soil particles. Therefore, it is difficult to reach an ideal temperature for remediation, resulting in a low removal efficiency of contaminants. The overall microwave absorption performance of contaminated soil can be improved by adding absorbers. Under their ‘hot spots’ effect, the heating rate and final remediation temperature of the soil are significantly improved, which significantly increases the removal efficiency of organic pollutants. In addition, some absorbers with oxidation or catalytic effect can also degrade the organic pollutants in contaminated soil, which are in favor of the removal of organic pollutants. In this paper, we focus on the absorber that is suitable for microwave remediation of organic contaminated soil, and summarize its function, selection criteria, and absorber type. Then we describe the industrial applications and problems of microwave remediation, and propose the future research direction of absorbers, aiming at providing useful reference for the promotion and application of microwave soil remediation technology.更多还原