【摘要】 山地冰川物质平衡是研究冰川变化的重要参数。自21世纪初，全球气候变暖背景下大部分山地冰川消融加速，而青藏高原西昆仑山冰川却呈现稳定甚至冰量增加趋势，被认为是“喀喇昆仑异常”的中心，但该地区近年来冰量变化是否仍延续正平衡趋势还存在一些争论。因此，本文利用新近发布的ICESat-2卫星测高和TanDEM-X 90m DEM数据，定量估算了2013—2019年间西昆仑山冰川厚度变化和物质平衡，并结合SRTM DEM、冰流速资料和Landsat光学影像分别分析了该地区近20 a冰川物质平衡变化趋势、冰川跃动情况和冰川面积变化。结果表明：(1)2013—2019年间，西昆仑山大部分冰川仍处于积累或平衡状态，物质积累速率为0.228±0.055 m w.e./a;(2)近20 a内，冰川整体呈正平衡趋势，但2013—2019年冰川物质年均积累速率大于2000—2013年(0.173±0.014 m w.e./a);(3)2013年后，冰川跃动仍广泛分布，发现5Y641F0046冰川首次发生跃动，西昆仑冰川东支和5Y641F0073冰川近20 a内一直处于活跃期，中峰冰川由2013年前的活跃状态转为静止且冰量开始增加。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ice mass balance of mountain glaciers is an important parameter of glacier changes research. Since the beginning of the 21st century, ice melting of most mountain glaciers has accelerated accompanying climate warming, but glaciers over the West Kunlun Mountains in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have shown a trend of stability and even an increase in ice mass, which is considered as the center of the “Karakoram anomaly”. However, there are still some debates about whether the ice mass changes in this region are still accumulated in recent years. Therefore, this paper uses the newly released ICESat-2 satellite altimetry and TanDEM-X 90m DEM data to quantitatively estimate the ice thickness changes and mass balance of the glaciers in the West Kunlun Mountains from 2013 to 2019. Moreover, the mass changes during the past 20 years, glacier surges and area changes were also analyzed with SRTM DEM, ice velocity data and Landsat images. The results show that:(1) From 2013 to 2019, most of the glaciers over the West Kunlun Mountains still showed accumulation or stability, with the mass balance of 0.228±0.055 m w.e./a;(2) Over the past 20 years, the glaciers have shown a positive trend in total, but the mass accumulation rate during 2013—2019 was higher than that in 2000—2013(0.173±0.014 m w.e./a);(3) Glacier surges were still widely distributed after 2013. It was found that the 5Y641F0046 Glacier surged for the first time. The eastern branch of the West Kunlun Glacier and the 5Y641F0073 Glacier have been in an active phase for the past 20 years. The Zhongfeng Glacier changed from an active phase before 2013 to a quiescent phase and showed a trend of mass accumulation.更多还原