【摘要】 针对现有研究多利用超宽带(UWB)设备在等高的条件下进行距离测量和定位测试，忽略了设备高度差对测距和定位精度的影响，致使设备成本难以从高度差的角度找到突破口的问题，该文利用不同高度的UWB设备采集数据，分析设备高度差与设备间距、测距精度的相互作用机理，综合考虑设备成本及精度给出了高度差和基站间距的参考值，并研究了不同设备高度差的定位性能。结果表明：在保证测距精度达到0.35 m的前提下，较基站和标签等高而言，设备高度差为0.6、1.0 m的测距量程分别增加了57.1%、23.8%;在以6 m作为基站间距的基础上，与基站和标签等高相比，设备高度差为0.6、1.0 m的定位精度分别提高了60.0%、53.3%。因此，合理地选择设备的高度差和基站间距进行基站部署，能够有效地提高定位精度。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the problem that the existing research mostly uses ultra wide band(UWB) equipment to distance measurement and positioning test under the condition of equal height, ignoring the impact of equipment height difference on the accuracy of ranging and positioning, making it difficult to find a breakthrough in the cost of equipment from the perspective of height difference, UWB equipment at different heights was used to collect data in this paper, the interaction mechanism of equipment height difference, equipment distance and ranging accuracy was analyzed, and comprehensively considered equipment cost and accuracy. The reference value of height difference and base station distance was given, and the positioning performance at different equipment heights was studied. The results showed that on the premise of ensuring the ranging accuracy of 0.35 m, compared with the base station and tag height difference, the ranging range of the equipment height difference of 0.6 m and 1.0 m increased by 57.1% and 23.8% respectively; Based on the base station spacing of 6 m, compared with the base station and tag contour, the positioning accuracy of the equipment height difference of 0.6 m and 1.0 m increased by 60.0% and 53.3%,respectively. Therefore, reasonable selection of the height difference of the equipment and the base station spacing for base station deployment could effectively improve the positioning accuracy.更多还原