【摘要】 目的 为改进适老化产品易用性问题，提出一种融合需求分析和外观编码的产品概念设计扩展模型。方法 首先运用文献分析法了解适老化产品易用性设计研究和经典概念设计模型的发展现状，同时结合产品语义学中外观具备的传达产品功能和操作方式的价值，提出将产品外观编码应用于改进适老化产品易用性的新思路。其次对传统FBS模型进行扩展，构建一个包含“需求–功能–行为–结构–外观”多种要素的概念设计扩展模型。以需求分析和外观编码为重点，具体阐述模型推导过程。进而通过老年用户判断产品功能和操作方式的正确概率和反应时间量化产品易用性，从而优选出最佳的适老化产品设计方案。最后在设计应用中，以家用电动护理床智能遥控的易用性改进设计为例，验证了NFBSA模型的可行性。结论 NFBSA模型能有效改进产品易用性，有助于缩小老年用户与适老化产品之间的使用鸿沟，进一步增强老年用户对新兴产品的信心，同时给予设计师与相关产品的易用性设计研究以参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The work aims to propose an extended model of product concept design that integrates demand analysis and appearance coding to improve the usability of the elderly-oriented products. Firstly, literature analysis was used to understand the research on usability design of elderly-oriented products and the development status of classical conceptual design models. At the same time, combined with the value of appearance in product semantics to convey product functions and operation modes, a new idea was proposed to apply product appearance coding to improve the usability of the elderly-oriented products. Secondly, the traditional FBS model was extended to construct an extended conceptual design model of "Demands-Functions-Behavior-Structure-Appearance". The process of model derivation was elaborated with emphasis on demand analysis and appearance coding. Then, the usability of the product was quantified by calculating the correct probability and reaction time of the elderly users to judge the function and operation mode of the product, so as to optimize the best design scheme of the elderly-oriented products. Finally, in the design application, the feasibility of NFBSA model was verified by taking the improved design of the usability of intelligent remote control of household electric nursing bed as an example. NFBSA model can effectively improve the usability of products, help to narrow the use gap between elderly users and elderly-oriented products, further enhance the confidence of elderly users in emerging products, and provide reference value for designers and related product usability design research.更多还原