【摘要】 【目的】通过皮肤癣菌体外抑制试验，从12种中药中筛选出抗真菌中药并观察用药后须癣毛癣菌的形态学变化。【方法】采用微量液基稀释法测定中药提取物对2种皮肤癣菌的最小抑菌浓度；在光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜下观察凤仙花醇提取物作用前后须癣毛癣菌的形态学变化。【结果】凤仙花醇提物对须癣毛癣菌及石膏样小孢子菌最小抑菌浓度分别为15.625和31.250 mg/mL;其水提取物对须癣毛癣菌及石膏样小孢子菌最小抑菌浓度均为31.250 mg/mL;凤仙花醇提取物作用于须癣毛癣菌后在光学显微镜下菌丝变得弯曲粗糙，多处出现断裂且分隔不明显；在扫描电子显微镜下菌丝表面粗糙有大小不等的凹陷，菌丝顶端和局部出现膨大且有不规则分支，甚至出现剥脱，畸形，几乎丧失菌丝原本形态；透射电子显微镜下菌丝变得皱缩，双层细胞壁结构不完整，细胞膜不连续，细胞器也变得不清晰，可见不规则的不明小体且细胞外出现许多高电子致密颗粒。【结论】凤仙花水提物和醇提物对须癣毛癣菌和石膏样小孢子菌均具有显著的体外抑菌活性，且醇提物强于水提物；凤仙花醇提物抑制须癣毛癣菌生长，其机制可能与破坏细胞膜和细胞壁的完整性有关，可为临床治疗皮肤癣菌病的药物研发提供参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]Through the in vitro inhibition test of dermatophytes, antifungal Chinese medicines were screened from twelve kinds of Chinese medicines and the morphological changes of Trichophyton mentagrophytes were observed.[Method]The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of Chinese herbal extracts against two dermatophytes was determined by micro liquid-based dilution method; Impatiens were observed under optical microscope, scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM). Morphological changes of Trichophyton mentagrophytes before and after alcohol extract treatment.[Results]The MIC values of the alcoholic extract of Impatiens against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypsum were 15.625 mg/mL and 31.250 mg/mL, respectively; the water extracts were effective against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypsum. The MIC values of the bacteria were all 31.250 mg/mL; the hyphae became curved and rough under the light microscope after the alcohol extract of impatiens was applied to Trichophyton mentagrophytes, with multiple breaks and inconspicuous separation; Under the scanning electron microscope, the surface of the hyphae is rough and has depressions of different sizes, and the top and part of the hyphae are enlarged and have irregular branches, and even peel off, deformed, and almost lose the original shape of the hyphae; under the transmission electron microscope, the hyphae become Shrinking, the structure of the double-layered cell wall is incomplete, the cell membrane is discontinuous, the organelles become unclear, irregular unidentified corpuscles can be seen, and many high electron-dense particles appear outside the cells.[Conclusion]The water extract and ethanol extract of Impatiens balsamina have significant in vitro antibacterial activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypsum, and the ethanol extract is stronger than the water extract; The ethanol extract of Impatiens balsamina inhibits the growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and its mechanism may be related to the destruction of the integrity of cell membrane and cell wall, which can provide a reference for clinical drug research and development for the treatment of dermatophytosis.更多还原