【摘要】 B¹⁰具有优异的热中子屏蔽性能，B¹⁰含量高、断裂韧性好、可进行塑性变形加工的B₄C_p/Al复合材料大尺寸薄板在乏燃料后处理方面有着广阔的应用前景。但是，随着B₄C颗粒含量的增多，B₄C与Al界面处脆性相增多，导致B₄C_p/Al复合材料的韧性变差，塑性变形能力减弱，后续塑性加工成型性差。因此，制备热中子屏蔽性能好的高硼含量B₄C_p/Al板材的关键是在保证高B₄C颗粒含量的前提下，通过控制B₄C颗粒和Al基体界面反应产物，提高B₄C_p/Al复合材料的韧性和塑性变形能力。本文首先介绍了B₄C_p/Al复合材料的制备方法，重点对浸渗法进行了论述，并介绍了B₄C_p/Al复合材料的塑性变形机制，对热加工温度、应变速率和B₄C_p/Al复合材料界面结构对B₄C_p/Al的塑性变形能力和热轧性能的影响进行了综述。同时，介绍了国内外近年来通过控制浸渗温度、添加合金元素和陶瓷颗粒等方法，实现对B₄C_p/Al复合材料界面成分、结构调控的研究成果。最后，本文对采用浸渗和热轧加工制备用于乏燃料后处理的高硼含量B₄C_p/Al复合材料大尺寸薄板的研究进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 B¹⁰ has excellent thermal neutron shielding performance. B₄C_p/Al composite large size sheet with high B¹⁰ content, good fracture toughness and plastic deformation prosessing has a broad application prospect in the post-processing of spent fuel. However, with the increase of the content of B₄C particles, the brittle phases at the interface between B₄C and Al increase, resulting in poor toughness of B₄C_p/Al composites, weakened the plastic deformation ability, and the subsequent plastic processing formability. Therefore, the key to preparing high boron content B₄ C_p/Al sheet with good thermal neutron shielding performance is to improve the plastic deformation capacity and hot rolling performance of B₄C_p/Al composites by controlling the interface reaction products of B₄C particles and Al matrix under the premise of ensuring the high content of B₄C particles. This article first introduces the fabrication method of B₄C_p/Al composite and focusing on infiltration especially. This article also introduces the plastic deformation mechanism of B₄C_p/Al, and reviews the effects of hot working temperature, strain rate and interface structure on the plastic deformation capacity and hot rolling properties of B₄C_p/Al, meanwhile, the recent results about controlling the infiltration temperature, adding alloying elements or ceramic phase to adjust the composition and structure of the B₄C_p/Al interface were introduced. In the end, this article points out the future directions of fabrication and processing of high boron content B₄C_p/Al large size composite sheet for spent fuel reprocessing by infiltration and hot rolling.更多还原