【摘要】 人口普查数据是全国各地区人口变动情况的最直观反映，一个地区人口变动情况在很大程度上影响着当地经济发展状况，第七次全国人口普查揭示了黑龙江省人口变动的最新情况。本文基于第七次全国人口普查数据，从人口规模、人口素质、人口结构和人口迁移等四个角度分析黑龙江省人口变动的新特征以及其对经济发展的影响。笔者认为，黑龙江省的人口结构呈现严重的少子化、老龄化特征，并且由于经济落后，高素质人才大量外流。针对黑龙江省人口变动现实情况，未来应完善育儿保障政策，强化生育政策实施效果；适当放宽退休年龄，返聘已退休员工；以政策支撑“引人”，用经济待遇“留人”。更多还原

【Abstract】 Population census data is the most intuitive reflection of population changes in various regions of the country, and the population changes in a region largely affect the local economic development. Based on the data of the 7th National Population Census, this paper analyzes the new characteristics of population change in Heilongjiang Province and its impact on economic development from four perspectives: population size, population quality, and population structure and population migration. The author argues that the demographic structure of Heilongjiang province shows serious characteristics of minimization, aging, and a large exodus of highly qualified personnel due to economic backwardness. In view of the reality of demographic changes in Heilongjiang Province,the future should improve the policy of childcare protection and strengthen the effect of fertility policy implementation; appropriately relax the retirement age and rehire retired employees; and " attract" people with policy support and " retain" people with economic benefits.更多还原