【摘要】 该文回顾了以胜任力为导向的医学教育（competency-based medical education, CBME）在毕业后医学教育的发展现状及面临的挑战，介绍了置信职业行为（entrustable professional activities, EPAs）的提出、内涵、特点、应用方法，是对胜任力有效的补充和外延。并从骨科住院医师规范化培训（简称住培）教育的角度出发，介绍了英国、美国和加拿大的胜任力导向医学教育在骨科住院医师培训体系中的基本框架，并对三种体系的培训年限、培训要求、形成性评价和出口评价等进行横向对比。梳理了目前已构建的EPAs清单，介绍了EPAs在骨科住培中的教学研究及进展。CBME与EPAs在我国骨科住培课程体系中有较大的发展空间与前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, we review the status of competency-based medical education and the challenges it was facing. And then, we outlined the introduction, connotation, application of entrustable professional activities,which helped assessing competency during training. Thirdly, we went over the framework of competency-based curriculum for orthopedic resident training in the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada, comparing the training length, procedural requirements, formative assessments and exit examination. Lastly, we introduced the entrustable professional activities lists that had been utilized in competency-based curriculum and the development in orthopedic resident training. Nonetheless, there is still spacious room on how competency-based curriculum and entrustable professional activity could be better applied in China for future research.更多还原