【摘要】 为了得到性能优良的含能材料，以3,5-二氨基-1,2,4三唑为原料，经重氮化、还原反应得到3-肼基-5-氨基-1H-1,2,4-三唑盐酸盐(化合物1),化合物1和硝酸银通过复分解反应制备一种新型含能离子盐3-肼基-5-氨基-1H-1,2,4-三唑硝酸盐(化合物2);通过红外光谱、核磁共振谱、质谱、元素分析和X-射线单晶衍射分析等对化合物2进行结构表征；利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和热重分析仪(TG)研究了其热分解过程；采用Crystal Explorer 17.5软件计算了化合物2晶体中的氢键对其分子间相互作用力的贡献，并研究了其爆轰与安全性能。结果表明，化合物2属于单斜晶系，空间群为P2/n,晶胞参数a=6.9296?、b=9.9082?、c=13.3696?、α=90.00°、β=103.51(2)°、γ=90.00°、V=892.54(11)?~3,其热分解温度为189.7℃,表现出良好的热稳定性；同时化合物2具有优异的爆轰性能和较低的感度，其爆速和爆压分别为8673m/s和32.5GPa,摩擦感度和撞击感度分别为112N和25J。更多还原

【Abstract】 To obtain high-performance energetic materials, 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole was utilized as a raw material to synthesize 3-hydrazinyl-5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazolium dihydrochloride(compound 1) through diazotization and reduction reactions. A novel energetic ionic salt, 3-hydrazinyl-5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazolium dinitrate(compound 2), was prepared by the metathesis reaction of compound 1 with silver nitrate. The structure of compound 2 was characterized using various techniques including FTIR, NMR, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Thermal decomposition of compound 2 was studied by DSC and TG. The contribution of hydrogen bonding to the intermolecular interactions in the crystal of compound 2 was calculated using Crystal Explorer software. The detonation and safety properties of compound 2 were also investigated. The results show that compound 2 belongs to monoclinic crystal system with space group P2/n and cell parameters a=6.9296?,b=9.9082?,c=13.3696?,α=90.00°,β=103.51(2)°,γ=90.00°,V=892.54(11)?~3. It exhibits excellent thermal stability with a thermal decomposition temperature of 189.7℃. Furthermore, compound 2 demonstrates outstanding detonation performance and low sensitivity, with detonation velocity and pressure values of 8673m/s and 32.5GPa, respectively. The friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity are 112N and 25J, respectively.更多还原