【摘要】 目的：分析骨外科术后切口感染患者病原菌的分布特点与其感染的有关影响因素。方法：选取2021年1月—2021年3月郑州市骨科医院骨外科收治的490例患者，统计其术后切口感染发生率，采集患者切口分泌物行细菌培养，分析其病原菌分布特征；另外收集患者的年龄、性别等一般资料，以多因素Logistic回归分析模型分析感染发生的影响因素。结果：490例骨外科患者术后发生切口感染的共25例，发生率为5.10%(25/490);25例切口感染患者的切口分泌物标本中共分离出33株病原菌，其中革兰阴性菌21株，占比63.64%(21/33)，主要为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌；革兰阳性菌10株，占比30.30%(10/33)，主要为金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌；真菌2株，占比6.06%(2/33)。单因素分析显示：性别、体重指数（BMI）与骨外科术后切口感染发生无关（P>0.05）；年龄、糖尿病、手术时机与骨外科术后切口感染发生有关（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示：年龄≥60岁、有糖尿病、急诊手术为骨外科术后切口感染发生的独立影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：骨外科术后切口感染发生率较高，革兰阴性菌是其感染的主要病原菌，年龄≥60岁、有糖尿病、急诊手术等均是感染发生的高危因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in patients with incision infection after bone surgery and the influencing factors of infection. Methods: A total of 490 patients admitted to the Department of Orthopaedics in Zhengzhou Orthopaedic Hospital from January 2021 to March 2021 were selected to analyze the incidence of postoperative incision infection. The incision secretions of patients were collected for bacterial culture, and the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed. In addition, the age, gender and other general data of patients were collected, and the influencing factors of infection were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis model. Results:Among 490 cases of orthopedic surgery, 25 cases 5.10%(25/490) had incision infection after operation; 33 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the incisional secretions of 25 patients with incisional infection, including 21 strains of gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 63.64%(21/33), mainly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae; 10 strains of Gram positive bacteria, accounting for 30.30%(10/33), mainly Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis;2 fungi, accounting for 6.06%(2/33). Univariate analysis showed that gender and body mass index(BMI) were not related to the occurrence of incision infection after bone surgery, and there was no significant difference(P>0.05); age, diabetes mellitus and timing of operation were related to the occurrence of incision infection after bone surgery, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 60 years old, diabetes mellitus and emergency operation were independent influencing factors of incision infection after bone surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion: The incidence of wound infection after bone surgery is high. Gram negative bacteria are the main pathogens of infection. Age ≥ 60 years old, diabetes mellitus, emergency surgery are all high-risk factors of infection.更多还原