【摘要】 目的：了解莆田市巨大儿的发生情况及影响因素，为本地妇幼保健服务工作提供依据。方法：通过回顾性病例对照研究方法，以莆田市2016-2020年38家助产机构分娩的12 325例巨大儿为病例组，按年份分组随机抽取同等数量的2 500 g≤出生体重<4 000 g的正常体重儿为对照组，采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析影响巨大儿发生的危险因素及巨大儿导致的不良妊娠结局发生情况。结果：莆田市2016-2020年38家助产机构分娩巨大儿的发生率为5.95%，其中莆田市户籍巨大儿发生率为5.90%。莆田市户籍中秀屿区巨大儿发生率最高(15.07%)，莆田市户籍各县区巨大儿发生率比较，差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4 324.638，P<0.05)。孕妇分娩年龄[OR=1.098，95%CI(1.002，1.202)]、孕次[OR=1.231，95%CI(1.159，1.307)]、产次[OR=1.246，95%CI(1.171，1.326)]、孕周[OR=3.560，95%CI(2.616，4.844)]、新生儿性别[OR=1.716，95%CI(1.629，1.809)]、母亲户籍[OR=1.123，95%CI(1.041，1.212)]、分娩方式[OR=1.822，95%CI(1.729，1.921)]均是莆田市巨大儿发生的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论：莆田市巨大儿的发生与分娩年龄、孕产次、孕周、新生儿性别、母亲户籍和分娩方式密切相关，应加大危险因素的宣传，促进本地巨大儿发生率的降低。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore the occurrence situation and influencing factors of macrosomia in Putian City,and to provide a basis for local maternal and child health services.Method:Using retrospective case-control research method,12 325 macrosomia,which was delivered by 38 midwifery institutions in Putian City from 2016 to 2020,were taken as the case group,and the same number of normal-weight newborns (2 500 g ≤birth weight<4 000 g) were randomly selected according to the year.Then,the multivariate unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors that affect the occurrence of macrosomia and the adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by macrosomia.Result:From 2016 to 2020,the incidence rate of macrosomia was 5.95% in 38 midwifery institutions in Putian City,and 5.90% in Putian City household registration,among which the incidence rate of macrosomia in Xiuyu District was the highest (15.07%).There was statistically significant difference in the incidence of macrosomia among counties and districts in Putian City (χ~2=4 324.638,P<0.05).Childbirth age[OR=1.098,95%CI (1.002,1.202)],gestation times[OR=1.231,95%CI (1.159,1.307)],parity times[OR=1.246,95%CI (1.171,1.326)],gestational weeks[OR=3.560,95%CI (2.616,4.844)],newborn sex[OR=1.716,95%CI (1.629,1.809)],maternal household registration[OR=1.123,95%CI (1.041,1.212)],and delivery method[OR=1.822,95%CI (1.729,1.921)]were all influential factors for macrocos (P<0.05).Conclusion:The occurrence of macrosomia in Putian City is closely related to childbirth age,gestation and parity times,gestational weeks,newborn sex,mother’s household registration and delivery method,the publicity of risk factors should be promoted to effectively reduce the incidence of local macrosomia.更多还原