【摘要】 张仲实对马克思主义中国化的研究，除翻译、传播马列主义理论著作及译介、宣传社会主义苏联，为马克思主义中国化提供文本资源、经验借鉴等前提条件外，还结合党在各个历史阶段的形势和任务，对诸多重大理论问题进行了探索，做出了独特的贡献，概括起来主要有：一为早在1940年就著文思考和探讨马克思主义中国化问题；二在党内较早对毛泽东的革命经历、杰出贡献及理论思想作了较准确的概括；三在通过对经典作家理论研究工作的深入探讨，充分阐述了学习和研究马列主义理论的科学思想、态度和方法；四是编写党内理论学习材料、读本，阐释经典著作理论思想；五是确定以“按劳分配”“按需分配”取代“按劳付酬”“各取所需”，以“资产阶级权利”取代“资产阶级法权”，得到理论界及中央肯定；六是准确论述马克思、恩格斯和毛泽东的翻译思想，深入阐明了理论著作翻译要坚持以直译为主、忠实原著等主张。张仲实对马克思主义中国化的研究，具有鲜明的特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Engaged in the translation, spread and theoretical research of Marxist-Leninist theoretical works for60 years throughout his life, Zhang Zhongshi has made significant contributions to the Party’s ideological publicity and theoretical building. In addition to translating and promoting Marxist-Leninist works, introducing and publicizing the socialist Soviet Union, providing textual resources and preconditions for us to make reference in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context, he also explored many theoretical questions in light of the Party’s situations and tasks in various historical stages, and made unique contributions. For instance, he wrote an article discussing how to adapt Marxism to the Chinese context as early as in the 1940s; he was one of the first in the Party that had made a relatively thorough summary of Mao Zedong’s revolutionary experience, outstanding contributions and theoretical ideas; he expounded the scientific thoughts, attitudes and methods for understanding and studying Marxist-Leninist theories; he compiled theoretical study materials and readers and expounded the theoretical ideas of classic works for internal exchanges in the Party; he finalized to replace the terms of“按劳付酬（remuneration according to one’s work）”and“各取所需（each takes what he needs）”with“按劳分配（distribution according to work）”and“按需分配（distribution according to needs）”, and replace“资产阶级法权（bourgeois legal rights）”with“资产阶级权利（bourgeois rights）”; he expounded the views of Marx, Engels and Mao Zedong on translation, and maintained that the translation of theoretical works should largely stick to literal translation and be faithful to the original work.Zhang’s research endeavors for the adaption of Marxism to the Chinese context are of distinct features.更多还原