【摘要】 近年来,我国对优质饲草的需求不断增长。提高各种饲草尤其是紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)的产量和品质是饲草生物学研究领域一项重要的科研和经济目标。光合作用固定二氧化碳是牧草生物量形成的基础;氮素的吸收、固定、转运和同化则是影响牧草粗蛋白含量并决定其品质的重要生物学过程。这2个生物学过程互相依赖,紧密关联。该文论述了紫花苜蓿碳氮高效固定、转运和同化利用的育种新思路,并总结了国内外在二氧化碳的高效固定和转运以及氮素的固定、吸收、转运和同化等方面取得的最新研究进展,以期为饲草高生物量和高蛋白含量分子设计育种提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In China, the demand for high-quality forage is continuously increasing. Improving the yield and quality of various forages, especially alfalfa(Medicago sativa), has been an important scientific and economic goal for plant breeders. Fixation of carbon dioxide by photosynthesis is the basis for the formation of forage biomass. Nitrogen absorption,fixation, transport and assimilation are important biological processes that affect the crude protein content of forage and determine its quality. Both biological processes are interdependent to each other. Therefore, we propose the new breeding ideas for efficient fixation, transport and assimilation of carbon and nitrogen in alfalfa, and summarize the latest progress in efficient fixation and transport of carbon dioxide, nitrogen fixation and absorption, as well as nitrogen transport and assimilation in recent years, so as to shed some light on molecular design breeding for forage with high biomass and high protein content in the future.更多还原