【摘要】 近年来，由镰刀菌引起的马铃薯根腐病严重影响我国马铃薯产业的发展。本研究通过比较不同发酵产物的抑菌活性，筛选绳状青霉Penicillium funiculosum P-19菌株最适的固体发酵培养基配方，并通过平板对峙试验测定了其对马铃薯根腐病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum、接骨木镰刀菌F.sambucinum、茄病镰刀菌F.solani、木贼镰刀菌F.equiseti和锐顶镰刀菌F.acuminatum的抑制作用。结果表明，绳状青霉P-19对尖孢镰刀菌、接骨木镰刀菌、茄病镰刀菌、木贼镰刀菌、锐顶镰刀菌的抑制率分别为38.85%、45.07%、38.92%、28.13%、64.32%。不同培养基发酵后其浸提液对5种镰刀菌的拮抗作用存在较大差异，其中配方为甘草∶玉米粉∶木屑=5∶4∶1时发酵产物对尖孢镰刀菌的抑制率最高，为67.89%,板蓝根∶玉米粉∶木屑=3∶5∶2时对接骨木镰刀菌的抑制率最高，为67.00%,板蓝根∶玉米粉∶木屑=3∶5∶2时对茄病镰刀菌的抑制率为64.48%,甘草∶板蓝根∶葡萄皮渣∶玉米粉=2∶2∶10∶5时对木贼镰刀菌的抑制率为50.20%,甘草∶玉米粉∶木屑=3∶5∶2时对锐顶镰刀菌的抑制率达到78.25%。本研究为马铃薯镰刀菌根腐病的防控以及青霉菌生防制剂的开发和应用奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, potato root rot caused by Fusarium has seriously affected the development of potato industry in China. In this study, the optimal formula of solid fermentation medium for Penicillium funiculosum P-19 strain was screened by comparing the antibacterial activities of different fermentation products, and their inhibitory effects on Fusarium oxysporum, F.sambucinum, F.solani, F.equiseti and F.acuminatum causing potato root rot were determined by plate confrontation assay. The results showed that the inhibition rates of P.funiculosum P-19 strain against F.oxysporum, F.sambucinum, F.solani, F.equiseti and F.acuminatum were 38.85%, 45.07%, 38.92%, 28.13%, 64.32%, respectively. The antagonism of the fermentation extracts from different media was quite different. The fermented product had the highest inhibition rate against F.oxysporum when the formula was licorice∶corn flour∶bits of wood=5∶4∶1(67.89%); when radix isatidis∶corn flour∶bits of wood=3∶5∶2, the highest inhibition rate against F.sambucinum was observed(67.00%); when radix isatidis∶corn flour∶bits of wood=3∶5∶2, the inhibition rate against F.solani was 64.48%; when licorice∶radix isatidis∶grape pomace∶corn flour=2∶2∶10∶5, the inhibition rate against F.equiseti was 50.20%, and when licorice∶corn flour∶bits of wood=3∶5∶2, the inhibition rate against F.acuminatum reached 78.25%. This study laid a foundation for the prevention and control of Fusarium potato root rot and the development and application of Penicillium biocontrol preparations.更多还原