【摘要】 本文利用2020年中国乡村振兴综合调查（CRRS）的农户数据，使用基于内生转换回归模型的收入模拟法，首先估计出不发生土地流转时土地转出户和土地转入户的人均纯收入水平，然后通过比较不发生土地流转和发生土地流转两种情形下农村居民的收入分配状况，得出土地流转对农村居民收入分配的影响。研究发现，土地转入行为对土地转入户的增收贡献较为显著，使其家庭人均纯收入从18050元增加到20013元，增收幅度约10%；土地转出行为对土地转出户收入影响效果较小，使其家庭人均纯收入从17064元略微下降到16854元，下降幅度约为1%；整体的土地流转活动使得全部农户的家庭人均纯收入从17227元增加到17765元，增收幅度大约为3%。土地流转活动显著提升了初始收入水平较高的土地转入户的收入，但对初始收入水平较低的土地转出户的收入影响有限，使得农村居民人均纯收入基尼系数从0.41176提高到了0.44939，从而扩大了农村居民收入差距。更多还原

【Abstract】 By using the method of income simulation based on an endogenous switching regression model, this study explores the impact of land transfer on income distribution in rural China based on rural household data of China Rural Revitalization Survey conducted in 2020. The study first estimates the per capita net income of renting-out households and renting-in households in the scenario without land transfer, and then examines the impact of land transfer on income distribution by comparing the income distribution of rural households with and without land transfer. The results show that the per capita net income of renting-out households decreased from 17064 Yuan to 16854 Yuan with a decrease of about 1%, whereas the per capita net income of renting-in households increased from 18050 Yuan to 20013 Yuan with an increase of about 10%. The overall land circulation activities increased the per capita net income of all households from 17227 Yuan to 17765 Yuan with an increase of about 3%. Further computation shows that the Gini coefficient of the per capita net income of rural households increased from 0.41176 to 0.44939,which means land transfer has caused an aggravation of income inequality in rural China.更多还原