【摘要】 在考虑轮对的弹性建模基础上，分别建立拖车和动车车辆系统动力学模型，根据实测武广线随机不平顺激励波形，研究轨道随机不平顺和扭曲不平顺对拖车和动车车轴动应力的影响。研究结果表明：轨道随机不平顺对拖车、动车车轴动应力的影响均较小，且垂向不平顺对车轴动应力的影响略大于横向不平顺对车轴动应力的影响。扭曲不平顺通过速度及幅值的改变对车轴动应力及其沿轴向分布有明显影响，轮对内侧截面的动应力及其变化幅度均比轮对外侧截面的大得多，且轮对一位端截面动应力均大于二位端对应截面动应力。此外，扭曲不平顺幅值的增加，会造成轮轨垂向力和横向力显著增大，根据轮轨垂向力安全限值，400 km/h行车速度下，应严格控制扭曲不平顺幅值在5 mm以下。更多还原

【Abstract】 The trailer and motor vehicle system dynamic models which consider elastic wheel sets were established. Based on the actual data of track random irregularity of Wuhan-Guangzhou line, the influence of the random track irregularity and the torsional irregularity on the dynamic stress of trailer axle and motor axle were studied. The results show that the random track irregularity has a little influence on the dynamic stress of trailer axle and motor axle, and the vertical irregularity has a slightly greater influence on the dynamic stress of axle than the lateral irregularity. The changes of the running speed and the torsion irregularity amplitude have a significant influence on the dynamic stress of axle and its distribution along the axial direction. The maximum dynamic stress and its change range of the inner section of axle are far greater than those of the outer section, and dynamic stress of Section 1 is greater than the corresponding Section 2. In addition, the wheel/rail vertical force and lateral force increase significantly with the increase of torsional irregularity amplitude. According to the safety limit of the wheel/rail vertical force, the torsional irregularity amplitude should be strictly controlled below 5 mm at the speed of 400 km/h.更多还原