【摘要】 通过调查分析发现，我国甜菜生产中甜菜品种以进口为主，其市场占有率为 98.09%；生产中普遍使用除草剂、杀虫剂和杀菌剂防治病虫草害以减少损失；甜菜种植前茬作物主要有玉米、小麦、大豆、马铃薯、向日葵、棉花等作物，轮作年限平均为 4年；全国甜菜种植户种植规模平均 18.27 hm~2，甜菜平均种植密度 7.40万株/hm~2（新疆、内蒙古、黑龙江分别为 8.71、7.12、5.93万株/hm~2），甜菜平均根产量60.94 t/hm~2（新疆、内蒙古、黑龙江分别为 76.05、57.45、44.70 t/hm~2），平均含糖率 15.37%（新疆、内蒙古、黑龙江分别为 15.08%、15.53%、15.30%）；甜菜平均种植成本 2.04万元/hm~2（新疆、内蒙古、黑龙江分别为 2.17、2.13、1.43 万元/hm~2），平均收益 0.92 万元/hm~2（新疆、内蒙古、黑龙江分别为 1.03、0.92、0.69万元/hm~2）；甜菜生产基本实现了规模化种植，种植密度、甜菜产量、含糖率与国外技术先进国家还有差距，甜菜种植成本呈上升趋势，比较效益也面临着其他作物的竞争。未来需要政策扶持，依靠科技进步提高甜菜产业的竞争力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through investigation and analysis, it was found that sugar beet varieties used in China were mainly imported and their market share was 98.09%; Herbicides, insecticides and fungicides were widely used in production to control diseases, pests and weeds in order to reduce root losses; The crops before beet planting mainly included corn, wheat, soybean, potato, sunflower, cotton and other crops, and the average rotation period was 4years; The average household area of sugar beet planting in China has reached 18.27 hm~2, the average sugar bee planting density was 74 000 plants/hm~2(Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang were 87 100, 71 200 and 59300 plants / hm~2, respectively), the average sugar beet yield was 60.94 t / hm~2(Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang were 76.05, 57.45 and 44.70 t/hm~2, respectively), and the average sugar content was 15.37%(Xinjiang Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang were 15.08%, 15.53% and 15.30%, respectively); The average cost of sugar beet planting was 20 400 yuan/hm~2(Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang were 21 700, 21 300 and 14 300yuan/hm~2, respectively), and the average income was 9 200 yuan/hm~2(Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang were 10 300, 9 200 and 6 900 yuan / hm~2, respectively). Sugar beet production has basically realized large-scale planting. There is still a gap of the planting density, sugar beet yield and sugar content between China and foreign countries of advanced technology. The planting cost of sugar beet was on an upward trend, and the comparative benefit was also facing the competition of other crops. In the future, we need national policy support and rely on science and technology to improve the competitiveness of sugar beet industry.更多还原